influence和effect的用法区别

Question

influence和effect的用法区别

Answer 1

牛津高阶英汉双解词典
influence
/ ˈɪnfluəns; ˋɪnflʊəns/ n
[U] ~ (on sth) power to produce an effect; action of natural forces 影响力; 作用: the influence of the moon (on the tides), of the climate (on agricultural production), etc 月球（对潮汐）的作用、 气候（对农业生产）的影响.
(a) [sing] ~ (on sb/sth) (exercising of) power to affect sb's actions, character or beliefs through example, fear, admiration, etc 感化（力）; 影响（力）; 支配（力）: the influence of parents on their children 父母对子女的影响 * have a good, bad, beneficial, harmful, civilizing, pernicious, etc influence on sb's behaviour, character, etc 对某人行为、 性格等有良好的、 恶劣的、 有利的、 有害的、 感化性的、 邪恶的...影响 * a young ruler under the influence of his chief minister 受总理大臣左右的年轻统治者 * escape sb's influence 避开某人的势力范围. (b) [C] ~ (on sb/sth) person, fact, etc that exercises such power 有影响的人或事物: Those so-called friends of hers are a bad influence on her. 她那些所谓的朋友对她的影响很坏. * Religion has been an influence for good in her life. 宗教信仰一直引导她向善. * We are subject to many influences. 我们都受着多方的影响. * The influences at work in this case (ie factors causing it to develop in a particular way) are hard to disentangle. 在此事中起作用的种种因素很难缕析得清楚.
[U] ~ (over sb/sth) power to control sb's behaviour 支配力; 控制力: His parents no longer have any real influence over him. 他的父母对他不再有任何真正的约束力了.
[U] ~ (with sb) ability to obtain favourable treatment from sb, usu by means of acquaintance, status, wealth, etc 权力; 势力; 权势: use one's influence (with sb) 利用（与某人的关系的）影响力 * She has great influence with the manager and could no doubt help you. 她对经理很有影响力, 无疑能帮你忙.
(idm 习语) under the `influence (of `alcohol) (fml or joc 文或谑) (showing signs of) having had too much to drink 酒喝得太多; 有点醉: be charged with driving under the influence 被控酒后开车.
> influence v
1 [Tn] have an effect or influence on (sb/sth); cause (sb/sth) to act, behave, think, etc in a particular way 影响（某人[某事物]）; 对（某人[某事物]）起作用: the belief of astrologers that planets influence human character 星相家认为星体能影响人的性格的信念 * I don't want to influence you either way, so I won't tell you my opinion. 我不想对你有任何影响, 所以我不告诉你我的看法. * It's clear that her painting has been influenced by Picasso. 她的画显然受了毕加索的影响.
2 [Cn.t] cause or persuade (sb) to do sth 支配或左右（某人）做某事: What influenced you to behave like that? 你是受了什麽支配而那样做的?
牛津高阶英汉双解词典
effect
/ ɪˈfekt; ɪˋfɛkt/ n
[C, U] ~ (on sb/sth) change produced by an action or cause; result or outcome 效应; 结果; 后果: the effects of heat on metal 热对金属产生的效应 * Did the medicine have any effect/a good effect? 这药有什麽疗效[疗效好]吗? * The film had quite an effect on her. 这影片对她影响极大. * I tried to persuade him, but with little or no effect. 我尽力劝他, 他根本不听.
[C, U] impression produced on the mind of the spectator, listener, reader, etc (esp in plays, films, broadcasts, paintings, etc) （观众、 听众、 读者等）头脑 中所产生的印象（尤指在戏剧、 电影、 广播、 绘画等方面）: The general effect of the painting is overwhelming. 这幅画给人总的印象是很有气势. * The stage lighting gives the effect of a moonlit scene. 舞台灯光产生月夜景色的效果. * She only dresses like that for the effect it creates/for effect. 她仅仅为了装样子才那样打扮. * The science fiction film had some marvellous special effects. 这部科幻电影有些特殊效果美妙绝伦.
effects [pl] (fml or law 文或律) personal property; possessions 个人财产; 财物: personal effects 个人财产 * household effects 家庭财物.
(idm 习语) bring/put sth into ef`fect cause sth to come into use 使某物开始使用: The new system will soon be put into effect. 新系统即将启用. come into ef`fect (esp of laws, rules, etc ) reach the stage of being in use （尤指法律、 规则等）实行, 实施: The new seat-belt regulations came into effect last week. 新的安全带规则上周开始实施. give effect to sth (fml 文) cause sth to become active or produce a result 使某事物实行起来; 使生效: The new ruling gives effect to the recommendations of the special committee. 这一新裁定使特别委员会的推荐生效. in ef`fect (a) for practical purposes; in fact 实际上; 事实上: The two systems are, in effect, identical. 这两种制度实际上一模一样. (b) (of a rule, law, etc) in use （指规则、 法律等）有效: Some ancient laws are still in effect. 有些古时的法律现在仍然有效. of/to no ef`fect not having the result intended or hoped for 没有预期的或希望的结果; 无效: My warning was of no effect. 我的警告无济於事. * We warned them, but to no effect. 我们警告过他们, 但完全没用. strain after effects/an effect => strain1. take ef`fect (a) produce the result intended or required 产生预期的或要求的结果; 生效: The aspirins soon took effect. 服下的阿司匹林药片很快见效了. (b) come into force or use; become active 实施; 实行; 起作用: The new law takes effect from tomorrow. 新法令明日起实行. to good, etc ef`fect producing a good, etc result or impression 产生好的等结果或印象: The room shows off her paintings to good effect. 这个房间把她绘画的优点充分显示出来. to this/that ef`fect with this/that meaning or information 有这样[那样]的意思或内容: He told me to get out, or words to that effect. 他说了一句叫我走开之类的话. to the effect that... with the meaning, or giving the information, that... 大意为...: He left a note to the effect that he would not be returning. 他留下一张字条, 大意是说他不回来了.
> effect v [Tn] (fml 文) bring (sth) about; cause to occur 使（某事物）产生; 使发生; 引起: effect a cure, a change, a sale 产生疗效、 引起变化、 实行大减价. =>Usage at affect1 用法见affect1.
NOTE ON USAGE 用法: Affect is a verb meaning `have an influence on' *affect是动词, 意为‘影响’: Alcohol affects drivers' concentration. 酒精能影响司机的注意力. Effect is a noun meaning `result or influence'*effect是名词, 意为‘效果’或‘影响’: Alcohol has a very bad effect on drivers. 酒精对司机的影响很大. It is also a (formal) verb meaning `accomplish' *effect这个词还是个（文雅的）动词, 意为‘完成’: They effected their escape in the middle of the night. 他们半夜逃脱了.