语言学里的200核心词都是那些词?

Question

语言学里的200 核心词 都是那些词?

Answer 1

斯瓦迪士核心词列表(Swadesh list),是由美国语言学家莫里斯斯瓦迪士(Morris Swadesh)在1940年代到1950年代提出的一个列表.他从统计学的角度用分析不同的语言（以印欧语系语言为主）,从而得出一个约莫有200字的核心词列表.他认为,基本上所有语言的词汇都应该包含这二百多个词语；而另一方面,只要认识这二百多个词语,亦可以利用该种语言作最基本的沟通.
1.I 2.you (singular) 3.he 4.we 5.you (plural) 6.they 7.this 8.that 9.here 10.there
11.who 12.what 13.where 14.when 15.how 16.not 17.all 18.many 19.some 20.few
21.other 22.one 23.two 24.three 25.four 26.five 27.big 28.long 29.wide 30.thick
31.heavy 32.small 33.short 34.narrow 35.thin 36.woman 37.man (adult male) 38.Man (human being) 39.child 40.wife 41.husband 42.mother 43.father 44.animal 45.fish
46.bird 47.dog 48.louse 49.snake 50.worm 51.tree 52.forest 53.stick 54.Fruit 55.seed
56.leaf 57.root 58.bark 59.flower 60.grass 61.rope 62.skin 63.meat 64.blood 65.bone
66.fat (n.) 67.egg 68.horn 69.tail 70.feather 71.hair 72.head 73.ear 74.eye 75.nose
76.mouth 77.tooth 78.tongue 79.fingernail 80.foot 81.leg 82.knee 83.hand 84.wing 85.belly
86.guts 87.neck 88.back 89.breast 90.heart 91.liver 92.drink 93.eat 94.bite 95.suck
96.spit 97.vomit 98.blow 99.breathe 100.laugh
101.see 102.hear 103.know 104.think 105.smell
106.fear
107sleep
108live
109die
120kill
121fight
122hunt
123hit
124cut
125split
126stab
127scratch
128dig
129swim
130fly (v.)
131walk
132come
133lie
134sit
135stand
136turn
137fall
138give
139hold
140squeeze
141rub
142wash
143wipe
144pull
145push
146throw
147tie
148sew
149count
150say
151sing
152play
153float
154flow
155freeze
156swell
157sun
158moon
159star
160water
161rain
162river
163lake
164sea
165salt
166stone
167sand
168dust
169earth
170cloud
171fog
172sky
173wind
174snow
175ice
176smoke
177fire
178ashes
179burn
180road
181mountain
182red
183green
184yellow
185white
186black
187night
188day
189year
190warm
191cold
192full
193new
194old
195good
196bad
197rotten
198dirty
199straight
200round
sharp
dull
smooth
wet
dry
correct
near
far
right
left
at
in
with
and
if
because
name