微积分各种符号的含义以及各种公式.

Question

微积分各种符号的含义以及各种公式.

Answer 1

微分学中的符号“dx”、“dy”等,系由莱布尼茨首先使用.其中的d源自拉丁语中“差”（Differentia）的第一个字母.积分符号“∫”亦由莱布尼茨所创,它是拉丁语“总和”（Summe）的第一个字母s的伸长(和∑有相同的意义).lim就是limit的缩写,是极限的意思,lim下面符号的意思是“当x趋近于零时”f'（x）则表示f(x)的导数,也就是变化率,从几何意义上讲,就是f(x)的函数图像在x处切线的斜率.
微积分公式Dx sin x=cos xcos x = -sin xtan x = sec2 xcot x = -csc2 xsec x = sec x tan xcsc x = -csc x cot xsin x dx = -cos x + Ccos x dx = sin x + Ctan x dx = ln |sec x | + Ccot x dx = ln |sin x | + Csec x dx = ln |sec x + tan x | + Ccsc x dx = ln |csc x - cot x | + Csin-1(-x) = -sin-1 xcos-1(-x) = - cos-1 xtan-1(-x) = -tan-1 xcot-1(-x) = - cot-1 xsec-1(-x) = - sec-1 xcsc-1(-x) = - csc-1 xDx sin-1 ()= cos-1 ()=tan-1 ()=cot-1 ()=sec-1 ()=csc-1 (x/a)=sin-1 x dx = x sin-1 x++Ccos-1 x dx = x cos-1 x-+Ctan-1 x dx = x tan-1 x- ln (1+x2)+Ccot-1 x dx = x cot-1 x+ ln (1+x2)+Csec-1 x dx = x sec-1 x- ln |x+|+Ccsc-1 x dx = x csc-1 x+ ln |x+|+Csinh-1 ()= ln (x+) xRcosh-1 ()=ln (x+) x≥1tanh-1 ()=ln () |x| 1sech-1()=ln(+)0≤x≤1csch-1 ()=ln(+) |x| >0Dx sinh x = cosh xcosh x = sinh xtanh x = sech2 xcoth x = -csch2 xsech x = -sech x tanh xcsch x = -csch x coth xsinh x dx = cosh x + Ccosh x dx = sinh x + Ctanh x dx = ln | cosh x |+ Ccoth x dx = ln | sinh x | + Csech x dx = -2tan-1 (e-x) + Ccsch x dx = 2 ln || + Cduv = udv + vduduv = uv = udv + vdu→ udv = uv - vducos2θ-sin2θ=cos2θcos2θ+ sin2θ=1cosh2θ-sinh2θ=1cosh2θ+sinh2θ=cosh2θDx sinh-1()= cosh-1()= tanh-1()= coth-1()=sech-1()= csch-1(x/a)=sinh-1 x dx = x sinh-1 x-+ Ccosh-1 x dx = x cosh-1 x-+ Ctanh-1 x dx = x tanh-1 x+ ln | 1-x2|+ Ccoth-1 x dx = x coth-1 x- ln | 1-x2|+ Csech-1 x dx = x sech-1 x- sin-1 x + Ccsch-1 x dx = x csch-1 x+ sinh-1 x + Csin 3θ=3sinθ-4sin3θcos3θ=4cos3θ-3cosθ→sin3θ= (3sinθ-sin3θ)→cos3θ= (3cosθ+cos3θ)sin x = cos x = sinh x = cosh x = 正弦定理:= ==2R余弦定理: a2=b2+c2-2bc cosαb2=a2+c2-2ac cosβc2=a2+b2-2ab cosγsin (α±β)=sin α cos β ± cos α sin βcos (α±β)=cos α cos β sin α sin β2 sin α cos β = sin (α+β) + sin (α-β)2 cos α sin β = sin (α+β) - sin (α-β)2 cos α cos β = cos (α-β) + cos (α+β)2 sin α sin β = cos (α-β) - cos (α+β)sin α + sin β = 2 sin (α+β) cos (α-β)sin α - sin β = 2 cos (α+β) sin (α-β)cos α + cos β = 2 cos (α+β) cos (α-β)cos α - cos β = -2 sin (α+β) sin (α-β)tan (α±β)=, cot (α±β)=ex=1+x+++…++ …sin x = x-+-+…++ …cos x = 1-+-+++ ln (1+x) = x-+-+++ tan-1 x = x-+-+++ (1+x)r =1+rx+x2+x3+ -1= n= n (n+1)= n (n+1)(2n+1)= [ n (n+1)]2Γ(x) = x-1e-t dt = 22x-1dt = x-1 dtβ(m, n) =m-1(1-x)n-1 dx=22m-1x cos2n-1x dx = dx