难句分析翻译,解释关键词：Hadthistestbeeninvented,therearehundredsofmennowwalkingtheearthwhowouldlongagohavepaidthepenaltyoftheircrimes.

Question

难句分析
翻译,解释关键词：
Had this test been invented,there are hundreds of men now walking the earth who would long ago have paid the penalty of their crimes.

Answer 1

先翻译一下大概的意思：如果当时就有这种检验方法的话,现在街上的很多人早就为他们的犯罪行为付出代价了.
以下是句子分析：
这句话是一个虚拟语态的句子,表示对某种情况的假设,在这里是对过去情况的虚拟条件句.
表示过去情况的虚拟条件句结构如下：
谓语的主要形式为,从句:had+过去分词;主句:would have+过去分词.
来看一个经典例题
Had he worked harder,he _______ the exams.
A）must have got through
B）would have got through
C）would get through
D）could get through
正确答案为B）.条件句为虚拟语气的倒装句,正装顺序为If he had worked harder,我们可以看出这是had+过去分词,表示同过去情况相反,则主句应该为would have+过去分词got,因此应当选择B）.
在我的个人网站里有更详细的说明,包括对现在和将来时态进行假设的虚拟语气句.有需要可以来看看.