定语从句的关系代词在什么情况下可以省略,

Question

定语从句的关系代词在什么情况下可以省略,

Answer 1

关系代词,在限制性定语从句中做从句中的宾语成分的时候是可以省略的.在非限制性定语从句绝对不能省略.
例如：The girl （who is ）standing there is my sister.括号里的可以省略,standing there 就做一个后置定语.
但也有几种特殊情况,关系代词不用作宾语也可以省略,同学们学习和使用时请注意.
　　在下列情况下,引导宾语从句的关联词可以省略.
　　一、that在定语从句中作表语时.例如:
　　She is all (that) a teacher should be.她具备一个老师应该具备的所有条件.
　　二、that在从句中作补语时.例如:
　　I'm not the fool(that) you thought me.我不是你以前所认为的那个傻子了.
　　He is the nicest teacher (that) the students consider him in their school.他就是学生认为学校中最好的那个老师.
　　三、作状语时的省略.
　　1.当先行词是reason,且在定语从句中作原因状语时,可以用关系副词why或关系代词that,也可以省略.例如:
　　The reason (why/that) he failed was his laziness.他失败的原因是因为他懒惰.
　　That is the reason I did it.那就是我做那件事的原因.
　　2.当先行词是way,且在定语从句中作方式状语时,关联词可用in which或that,也可以省略.例如:
　　The way(in which/ that) these comrades look at problems is wrong.这些同志看待问题的方式是错误的.
　　That was the way(in which / that) she worked the problem out.她就是用那种办法解决问题的.
　　3.当先行词是time时,关联词可用when,that或省略.例如:
　　The second time (that) I saw him was in 2000.我第二次见到他是在2000年.
　　I don't know the exact time (when/ that) the sports meeting will take place.我不知道运动会举办的确切时间.
　　4.当先行词是place时,关联词可用where,that或省略.例如:
　　The place(where/ that) we will have our picnic is not decided yet.我们举行野餐的地点还没定下来.
　　This is the right place he was born.这儿就是他的出生地.(注意:句末不可用介词in)
　　同学们往往认为关系代词作宾语时就一定可以省略,其实不然.在下列四种情况下,关系代词虽作宾语,却不能省略.
　　一、在介词+whom /which结构中,whom,which不能省略.例如:
　　Do you know any shops nearby in which I can buy flowers?你知道附近有可以买到花的商店吗?
　　That is the headmaster with whom my father was talking just now.刚才和我爸爸交谈的那个人是校长.
　　二、在非限制性定语从句中,作宾语的关系代词也不能省略.例如:
　　Mr Green,whom you know,is the tallest in our school.格林先生是我们学校里最高的,你也认识他.
　　The elephant is like a spear,as anyone can see.大象像长矛,任何人都知道.
　　三、在the same ...as,such ...as,as ...as,the same...that结构中,as,that 即使作宾语,也不能省略.例如:
　　I have bought the same bike as you (have).(指同类用as)我买了一辆和你的一样的自行车.
　　This is the same book that I read the day before yesterday.这就是我前天读过的那本书.(关系代词that如要换成as,则指与我读的书一样,而不是同一本.)
　　四、当and,but,or等连词连接两个或两个以上的定语从句修饰一个先行词时,关系代词第一个可省略,第二、第三个等不可省略.例如:
　　This is the book (which) I read yesterday and which I found very interesting.这就是我昨天读的那本书,它很有趣.
　　You have many people around you (whom) you always turn to and whom you will never forget.你身边有很多人,你经常向他们求助,你永远不要忘记他们.