英语若干问~1.ASIF或THOUGH后面一定要接虚拟语气吗?2.请问HARDLY..WHEN到底是表肯定的还是表否定?书上有两句话:HEHADHARDLYHADTIMETOSETTLEDOWNWHENHESOLDTHEHOUSE.这句话的翻译是:他还没等安顿下来

Question

英语若干问~
1.AS IF或THOUGH后面一定要接虚拟语气吗?
2.请问HARDLY..WHEN到底是表肯定的还是表否定?
书上有两句话:
HE HAD HARDLY HAD TIME TO SETTLE DOWN WHEN HE SOLD THE HOUSE.
这句话的翻译是:他还没等安顿下来就卖掉了房子.也就是说表否定:还没..就的意思
但是还有一句就是
HE HAD HARDLY GOT INTO THE BUS WHEN IT BEGAN TO MOVING.
他刚刚登上那辆公共汽车它就开了.
这里又表示的是刚..就..,是肯定的意思.
到底是表 还没..就 还是 一..就..
3.在做 乡村 的时候,COUNTRY和COUNTRYSIDE
4.DURING 可以和完成时连用么?
5.想起某事是
STH.OCCUR TO SB.还是STH.OCCURRED TO SB.
那它的一般现在时造句是
IT OCCUR TO ME TO..还是
IT OCCURRED TO ME TO..
谢拉~
还有一个问题..
我记得介词后面是不能跟副词的,但是今天看到一个句子是:
THEY HAVEN'T RETURNED FROM ABROAD.
ABROAD是副词,为什么可以接在FROM的后面呢?

Answer 1

一.不一定
as if 从句的作用
1． 在look,seem 等系动词后引导表语从句.如：She looks as if she were ten years younger．
2． 引导方式状语从句.如：She loves the boy as if she were his mother．
as if 从句的语气及时态
1． as if 从句用陈述语气的情况.当说话者认为句子所述的是真实的或极有可能发生或存在的事实时.如：It sounds as if it is raining．
2． as if 从句用虚拟语气的情况.当说话人认为句子所述的是不真实的或极少有可能发生或存在的情况时.从句虚拟语气动词时态的形式如下：
（1）如果从句表示与现在事实相反,谓语动词用一般过去时.如：You look as if you didn’ t care．
（2）从句表示与过去事实相反,谓语动词用“had＋过去分词”.如：He talks about Rome as if he had been there before．
（3）从句表示与将来事实相反,谓语动词用“would／could／might＋动词原形”.如：He opened his mouth as if he would say something．
翻译很多时候需要在英汉之间做一些微调,因为语言之间不是每个字都是对应的,所以要兼顾两种语言的表达习惯,这也是翻译的难点所在.
二.He had hardly had time to settle down when he sold the house and left the country.这个句子,如果借用“刚.就.”的意思的话,可以直译为“他刚刚有时间要安顿下来,就.”,但是这样有点别扭,其最通顺的表达就是下面的：
他还没等安顿下来,就卖掉了房子,离开了这个国家.
三.在强调区别城市或城镇的 乡村是用the country ,泛指一切乡村是用the countryside.
四.During可以与跟过去时,也可以用于现在完成时.当然,还可以用于一般现在时或将来时.常与现在完成时连用的时间状语有：since,for,during,over等引导的短语
五.sth occur to sb 某人突然想起某件事
It occurs to sb that.使某人想起某件事
六.介词不是绝对不能接副词,总有特殊情况的
FROM可以接副词短语
from beyond the grave
from outside （the house）
还有FOR SURE也是介词接副词