50分,求高手翻译!Anothertradeoffsocietyfacesisbetweenefficiencyandequity.Efficiencymeansthatsocietyisgettingthemostitcanfromitsscarceresources.Equitymeansthatthebenefitsofthoseresourcesaredistributedfairlyamong

Question

50分,求高手翻译!
Another tradeoff society faces is between efficiency and equity. Efficiency means that society is getting the most it can from its scarce resources. Equity means that the benefits of those resources are distributed fairly among society’s members. In other words, efficiency refers to the size of the economic pie, and equity refers to how the pie is divided. Often, when government policies are being
designed, these two goals conflict.
Consider, for instance, policies aimed at achieving a more equal distribution of economic well-being. Some of these policies, such as the welfare system or unemployment insurance, try to help those members of society who are most in need. Others, such as the individual income tax, ask the financially successful to contribute more than others to support the government. Although these policies have
the benefit of achieving greater equity, they have a cost in terms of reduced efficiency.
When the government redistributes income from the rich to the poor, it reduces the reward for working hard; as a result, people work less and produce fewer goods and services. In other words, when the government tries to cut the economic pie into more equal slices, the pie gets smaller.
Recognizing that people face tradeoffs does not by itself tell us what decisions they will or should make. A student should not abandon the study of psychology just because doing so would increase the time available for the study of economics.
Society should not stop protecting the environment just because environmental regulations reduce our material standard of living. The poor should not be ignored just because helping them distorts work incentives. Nonetheless, acknowledging life’s tradeoffs is important because people are likely to make good decisions only if they understand the options that they have available.

Answer 1

另一种权衡社会面临的是效率与公平之间.效率是指社会中获取最大收益,它可以从它的稀缺资源.公平指的好处,这些资源的公平分配之间的社会的成员.在其他换句话说,效率是指规模的经济大饼,和平等是指如何分饼.很多时候,...