英语翻译翻译是运用一种语言把另一种语言所要表达的思维内容正确而完整地重新表达出来的语言活动.同时翻译也是将一种语言文化承载的意义转换到另一种语言文化中的跨语言、跨文化的

Question

英语翻译
翻译是运用一种语言把另一种语言所要表达的思维内容正确而完整地重新表达出来的语言活动.同时翻译也是将一种语言文化承载的意义转换到另一种语言文化中的跨语言、跨文化的交际活动.
提到“ 翻译” 二字,人们首先会想到“ 译即易,谓易换言语使相解也” ,即是两种不同语言之间词汇与词汇或句子与句子相互对应的一种转换.但是涉及文化背景方面的翻译并不符合这一定义.针对这一点,美国翻译理论家尤金奈达指出“ 翻译是两种文化之间的交流.对于真正成功的翻译而言,熟悉两种文化甚至比掌握两种语言更重要.因为词语只有在其作用的文化背景中才有意义.” 这说明翻译是以语言转换为基础,结合文化背景而进行的一种活动.
法国解构主义学者德里达、福柯和罗兰•巴特曾把翻译的本质问题视为哲学的中心问题.德里达就指出,不同的语言在意义、句法和语音上的差异,构成各种不同的表意方式,而翻译就是在‘ 同’ 与‘ 异’ 的纠结之中正确地表现‘ 异’ .生存的手段,是人们真正认识不同语言之间差异和不同语言的特定的表达方式他们认为,翻译实质上是原作文本的再生,是在传达原作内容基础上使原作得以的媒介.就目前而言,郭建中教授说“ 最近二十多年来,翻译研究中出现了两个明显的趋势:一是翻译理论深深地打上了交际理论的烙印; 二是从重视语言的转换转向更重视文化的转换.这两种倾向的结合,把翻译看作是一种跨文化交际的行为.翻译已不仅仅被看作是语言符号的转换,而是一种文化转换的模式.”
因此,与其说翻译是对不同语言的易换,不如说是以语言转换为基础,但不单纯是围绕语言符号本身,而是主要围绕语言所蕴含的意义,即语言所代表的文化的交互传递与影响.

Answer 1

Translation is a language activity which is use one language to revoice the same thought and content correctly and wholely of the other language.and at the same time translation is a language and transcultural communication activity which also tranfer the language culture of one language to the other language.
When we talked about the “translation”,the first thought is that “translation is variation,and variation means that even we changed to another language it’s understandable too”.that is the interchange between two different languages.but when it comes to the culture/background this will not work.about this American theorist on translation field Eugene Nida said that “translation is the communication between two culture.for the real successful translation ,it is more important to farmillar with the two cultuar of two languges.because words is meaningful when it is in the same culture”.these illustrate that translation is on the basis of the language intercahnge and combine the language culture to keep ongoing.
Derrida,Foucault,Roland Barthes all of them is French structuralist scholars.they have been taken the nature of the translation as central issue of the phlosophy.Derrida said that,different language upon the different of meaning/structure/pronunciation will make up a different way of expression,however,the translation correctly showing the difference between same and different.the way of survive,let us turely kown the diffrence and the specific way of expression between the different language,they thought,translation actually is the rebirh of the orignal version,it is a media based on delvering the orignal content and then make it 得以的.For now,professor Guo Jianzhong said,there is two obvious trend in the research of the translation in recent 20 years.One is said interaction theory is deep imprint of translation theory,Two is from taken language interchange seriously change to culture.The combination of those two is that take it as a cross-culture communication.translation not just an interchange of the language but a mode of shift the culture.
So,translation is more of a matter of language interchange rather than it’s on the basis of language interchange,nevertheless it’s not only about the language itself but mainly for the meaning of the language.That is the interaction transmission and the influence of the culture which is language stand for.