英语翻译Second,bothConfucius’sandAristotle’sconceptionsofcourageholdthatcourageisconcernedwiththefearofexternalthreats,butnotstrengthinself-improvementasNeo-Confucianshaveproposed.

Question

英语翻译
Second,both Confucius’s and Aristotle’s conceptions of courage hold that courage is concerned with the fear of external threats,but not strength in self-improvement as Neo-Confucians have proposed.

Answer 1

句中的 Neo-Confucians 应该是外国汉学家对宋明理学的叫法,而不是指近代的 "新儒家".
所以,该句的建议译文如下：
第二,孔子和亚里士多德都认为,勇气这个概念,是与人对外界威胁的惧怕相关的,而不是像理学家所说的那样,是自我改进的力量.