always/usually/often/sometimes/hardlyever/never的用法

Question

always/usually/often/sometimes/hardly ever/never的用法

Answer 1

always usually often sometimes hardly ever never 这些都是频度副词,其用法如下：

一、频度副词的概念与用法
频度副词是指表示动作发生的次数副词,常见有的never, seldom, sometimes, frequently, often, usually, always 等.
频度副词通常位于实义动词之前,动词be、助动词、情态动词等之后.
如：
We often get together.
我们常常聚会.
Jane usually goes to work by bike.
简通常骑自行车上班.
He sometimes goes there on business.
他有时到那里出差.
He can never understand.
他永远也不会明白的.
I shall always remember this.
我将永远记住这一点.
注：如果有两个助动词,频度副词通常放在第一个助动词后面.
We have never been invited to one of their parties.
他们聚会,一次也没邀请过我们.
She must sometimes have wanted to run away.
她有时候一定想到过要逃走.

二、频度副词位于助动词之前两种情况
1. 为了表示强调,频度副词有时也可位于动词be、助动词、情态动词之前；此时助动词等应重读.
如：
She always was late.
她老是迟到.
I never can remember.
我永远也记不住.
He never should have joined the army.
他根本不应当参军.

2. 在简略答语中,当频度副词与动词be、助动词或情态动词位于句末时,频度副词必须前置.
如：
“Philip is late again.” “Yes, he always is.”
“菲利普又迟到了.”“是的,他总是迟到.”
“Can you park your car near the shops?” “Yes. I usually can.”
“你可以在商店附近停车吗?”“是的,通常可以.”
I know I should take exercise, but I never do.
我知道我应该进行体育锻炼,但我从来没这样做过.

三、频度副词在否定句中的用法
在否定句中,有的频度副词位于否定词之前或之后均可,而有的频度副词则必须位于否定词之后,而还有的频度副词却必须要位于否定词.大致情况如下：

1. 频度副词usually和often可位于否定词not之前或之后.
如：
他们不常开这样的晚会.
正：They don’t often hold such parties.
正：They often don’t hold such parties.
星期日我们一般不在9点以前起床.
正：We don’t usually get up before nine on Sundays.
正：We usually don’t get up before nine on Sundays.

在否定句中,频度副词用于句中或句首,有时但会导致意思不同.
如：
He doesn’t usually sleep for two days at a time.
他很少一连睡两天.
Usually he doesn’t sleep for two days at a time.
他连续两天不睡觉是常事.

2. 频度副词always总是位于否定词之后,不可位于否定句之前.
如：
Things are not always what they seem to be.
外表往往是靠不住的.
Silence must not always be read as consent.
沉默并不见得一定意味着同意.

3. 频度副词sometimes总是位于否定词之前,不可位于否定词之后.
如：
Jim is sometimes not very punctual.
吉姆有时不太准时.
Debbie is sometimes not responsible for what she does.
戴比有时对她所做的事不负责任.

四、频度副词位于句末的用法
1.sometimes常可用于句末.
如：
We all get into trouble sometimes.
我们有时都会遇到麻烦.
You can’t work all the time—it does you good to go out and enjoy yourself sometimes.
你不能总是工作,有时出去放松一下会对你有好处.

2. often有时可置于句末,但通常会带有very, quite, fairly, more, so等修饰语.如：
We’ve been there quite often.
经常去那里.
When I was young, I used to play tennis very often.
我年轻时经常打网球.
Diana used to travel a lot. These days she doesn’t go away so often.
戴安娜过去经常旅游.最近她不常出门了.
We’re not exactly on intimate terms, but we see each other fairly often.
我们虽算不上关系密切,但还常见面.
注：有时也可不带修饰语,但主要见于否定句或疑问句.
如：
He writes to me often.
他经常给我写信.
Do you come here often?
你常来这儿吗?
I don’t come here often.
我不常来这儿.

3. usually有时也用于句末,其前不用修饰语.
如：
I’m not late, usually.
我通常不迟到.
I get paid on Fridays usually.
我通常在星期五领工资.

4. seldom 一般不用于句末,除非其前带有only, very等修饰.
如：
We go out very seldom.
我们绝少外出.
I play basketball very seldom indeed.
我很少打篮球.

5. always一般不用于句末,偶尔用于句末,此时它不表法“总是”,而表示“永远”.
如：
I’ll love you always.
我将永远爱你.
另外,有时用于句末是因为句子有所省略的缘故.
如：
Generally they walked together on Sunday, but not always.
他们一般在星期日一起散步,但并不总是如此.
句中的but not always=but they didn’t always walk together on Sunday.

五、频度副词位于句首的用法

1. sometimes常可用于句首.
如：
Sometimes she comes late.
有时她来得晚.
Sometimes she didn’t agree with me.
有时她和我意见不一致.
Sometimes we get a lot of rain in August.
有时在8月份雨水很大.

2. often用于句首时,通常表示强调,且其前一般有quite, very修饰.
如：
Very often he comes in late.
他常常迟到.
Quite often the phone rings when I’m in the bath.
电话经常在我洗澡时响.

3. usually有时也用于句首,其前不用修饰语.
如：
Usually I get up early.
我平时起得早.
Sometimes he comes by bus, but usually he comes by taxi.
有时他坐公共汽车来,不过他通常还是打的来.
Usually cooking pots have two small handles but pans have one long handle.
通常地深底煮锅有两只把手而平底锅只有一个长长的把手.

4. always一般不用于句首,除非是用在祈使句中.
如：
Always remember this.
请时刻记住这一点.
Always look in the mirror before starting to drive.
一定要先看看反光镜再开车.
另外,never也可用于祈使句的句首.
如：
Never tell him the news.
千万不要告诉他这消息.
Never ask her about her marriage.
决不要问她结婚的事.

5. 在正式文体中,表示否定意义的副词seldom, never可位于句首,但此时其后要用倒装语序.
如：
Seldom has there been such a happy meeting.
过去很少有过这样愉快的会议.
Never did he think the book would be finished so soon.
他可没想到这本书会这么快看完.
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