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Whichpartoftheworldhasthemostnearsighted(近视的)students?Justlookaroundyou----it'sEastAsia.Ninein10schoolleaversinmajorEastAsiancitiesarenearsighted,accordingtotheBBC.Expertssaybooksandvideogamesarenot
题目详情
Which part of the world has the most nearsighted(近视的)students?Just look around you----it's East Asia.Nine in 10school leavers in major East Asian cities are nearsighted,according to the BBC.Experts say books and video games are not to blame.East Asian students,they say,aren't getting enough sunlight.
People become nearsighted because their eyeballs grow out of shape and light entering their eyes cannot focus(聚焦) correctly.The body can produce a chemical called dopamine (多巴胺) to stop eyeballs from changing shape.Sunlight can help our bodies produce more dopamine,reported AFP.
According to the study,primary school students in Singapore spend only 30minutes outdoors every day; in Australia,kids spend about three hours a day outside.As a result,fewer children in Australia are nearsighted----only 10percent,compared with 90percent in Singapore.
"Children in East Asia usually go to school…go home and stay inside.They study and they watch television,"Ian Morgan of the Australian National University told AFP.
But being a bookworm or a couch potato does not directly harm the eyes,added Morgan."As long as they get outside,it doesn't seem to matter how much study they do,"he explained."There are some kids who study hard and get outside and play hard and they are generally fine.The ones who are at major risk are the ones who study hard and don't get outside."
Scientists used to believe that people from Asian countries were genetically(由基因决定的)more likely to become nearsighted.However,when they found the proportion (比例) of nearsighted people in these countries had increased from 30to 90percent in the past few decades(十年),they realized they were wrong.
"Any type of simple genetic explanation just doesn't fit with that speed of change; gene pools just don't change in two generations,"said Morgan.What has changed is the time children spend outdoors.As a result of massive (巨大的) educational pressures and the construction(构成)of a child's day,the amount of time they spend outside in bright light is minimized."
Experts suggest children should stay outside for two to three hours every day.This can include time spent in the playground and walking to and from school.
41.What is the main reason for the large number of nearsighted students in East Asia,according to scientists?___
A.Too much reading or gaming.
B.Lack(欠缺) of sunlight.
C.Genetic reasons.
D.Lack of exercise.
42.What can we conclude from Paragraph 2?___
A.Dopamine is a chemical that causes eyeballs to grow out of shape.
B.Dopamine can stop light entering the eyes from focusing correctly.
C.Spending time in the sun helps increase levels of dopamine in the body.
D.The more dopamine a person has in their body,the better eyesight he or she has.
43.According to Morgan,what kind of people are most likely to suffer from nearsightedness?___
A.Those who like watching TV.
B.Those who take exercise regularly.
C.Those who study hard and play hard outdoors.
D.Those who stay indoors studying all day.
44.The underlined word"minimized"in the passage probably means___.
A.reduced as much as possible
B.made better use of
C.taken little notice of
D.paid much attention to
45.What's the best title of this passage?___
A.Eyes need to see the sun
B.The most nearsighted students in the world
C.People become nearsighted
D.Books and video games are not to blame.
People become nearsighted because their eyeballs grow out of shape and light entering their eyes cannot focus(聚焦) correctly.The body can produce a chemical called dopamine (多巴胺) to stop eyeballs from changing shape.Sunlight can help our bodies produce more dopamine,reported AFP.
According to the study,primary school students in Singapore spend only 30minutes outdoors every day; in Australia,kids spend about three hours a day outside.As a result,fewer children in Australia are nearsighted----only 10percent,compared with 90percent in Singapore.
"Children in East Asia usually go to school…go home and stay inside.They study and they watch television,"Ian Morgan of the Australian National University told AFP.
But being a bookworm or a couch potato does not directly harm the eyes,added Morgan."As long as they get outside,it doesn't seem to matter how much study they do,"he explained."There are some kids who study hard and get outside and play hard and they are generally fine.The ones who are at major risk are the ones who study hard and don't get outside."
Scientists used to believe that people from Asian countries were genetically(由基因决定的)more likely to become nearsighted.However,when they found the proportion (比例) of nearsighted people in these countries had increased from 30to 90percent in the past few decades(十年),they realized they were wrong.
"Any type of simple genetic explanation just doesn't fit with that speed of change; gene pools just don't change in two generations,"said Morgan.What has changed is the time children spend outdoors.As a result of massive (巨大的) educational pressures and the construction(构成)of a child's day,the amount of time they spend outside in bright light is minimized."
Experts suggest children should stay outside for two to three hours every day.This can include time spent in the playground and walking to and from school.
41.What is the main reason for the large number of nearsighted students in East Asia,according to scientists?___
A.Too much reading or gaming.
B.Lack(欠缺) of sunlight.
C.Genetic reasons.
D.Lack of exercise.
42.What can we conclude from Paragraph 2?___
A.Dopamine is a chemical that causes eyeballs to grow out of shape.
B.Dopamine can stop light entering the eyes from focusing correctly.
C.Spending time in the sun helps increase levels of dopamine in the body.
D.The more dopamine a person has in their body,the better eyesight he or she has.
43.According to Morgan,what kind of people are most likely to suffer from nearsightedness?___
A.Those who like watching TV.
B.Those who take exercise regularly.
C.Those who study hard and play hard outdoors.
D.Those who stay indoors studying all day.
44.The underlined word"minimized"in the passage probably means___.
A.reduced as much as possible
B.made better use of
C.taken little notice of
D.paid much attention to
45.What's the best title of this passage?___
A.Eyes need to see the sun
B.The most nearsighted students in the world
C.People become nearsighted
D.Books and video games are not to blame.
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答案和解析
41-45BCDAA41题答案:B 细节理解题.根据East Asian students,they say,aren't getting enough sunlight.他们说东亚的学生们没有得到充足的阳光,可知选B42题答案:C 细节理解题.根据 Sunlight can help ou...
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