So are they!是全倒装还是部分倒装?

Question

So are they!是全倒装还是部分倒装?

Answer 1

　　全倒装吧
　　【参考资料】
　　倒装
　　在英语中最基本的语序是“主语+谓语+其他”,即：Who+ do+what+how+where+when.而且这个语序还十分固定.如果把主语后面的某一部分提到它前面,这就是倒装（Inversion）.没有按照正常顺序排列句子成分,叫广义倒装.如果把谓语动词全部或部分放在主语的前面,叫狭义倒装.我们这里讨论的就是后者.如果谓语动词全部放到主语前面（主要适用于一般现在时和一般过去时,其他时态不能使用）叫完全倒装.如果是助动词或是情态动词放在主语前面,行为动词放在主语后面,叫部分倒装.
　　【例】
　　In came the headmaster, followed by a group of teachers.
　　校长走了进来,后面跟着一群老师.（完全倒装）
　　There goes the bell.（完全倒装）
　　Never shall I do that again.（部分倒装）
　　Would you like to say something?（部分倒装）
　　1．倒装的意义
　　（1）适应一定语法结构的需要,主要是指表达疑问句结构的需要.
　　【例】
　　How can I get to the railway station?
　　（2）为了强调某一部分,而把这部分放在了句首,引起倒装.
　　【例】
　　Only in this way can we learn English well.
　　So early did he come to school that no other children came.
　　（3）为了保持句子平衡.
　　【例】
　　Nearby were two canoes in which they had come to the island.
　　“Me, too,”said the boy anxiously.
　　2．英语倒装结构的几种情况
　　（1）“某些副词+不及物动词+主语”的句式,需要全部倒装.常用的副词主要有：here, there, now, then, out, in, down, up, away等）,表示强调.主语是代词时,不必倒装.
　　【例】
　　Out rushed the boy.
　　Down came her brown wave.
　　（2）表示方位的短语放在句首,后面一般使用倒装语序.
　　【例】
　　West of the lake lies the famous city.
　　（3） There be+主语+地点.其中动词 be也可以是其他词,如 lie, stand等.
　　【例】
　　There are many different kinds of mooncakes on the table.
　　There in Greece lived a famous thinker, named Aristotle.
　　（4）如果直接引语后注明是什么人说的,而且主语是名词时,需要完全倒装；主语是代词时,一般不用倒装.
　　【例】
　　“Let's go!”said the captain.
　　“Take off your boots!”ordered the guard.
　　（5）为了保持句子平衡,或为了强调表语或状语,或使上下文 紧密衔接时.
　　【例】
　　They arrived at an old church, in front of which stood a big crowd of people.
　　（6）用于so开头的句子,表示重复前面相同内容,意为“也怎么样”.另外,在结果状语从句句型： so…that…中,如果强调so…放在句首,主句需要部分倒装.
　　【例】
　　I often go out for a walk after supper. So does she.
　　我经常在晚饭后出去散步,她也这样.
　　So excited was she at the news that she couldn't say a word.
　　听到这个消息,她是如此激动,以致一句话也说不出来.
　　（7）用于nor, neither开头的句子,表示重复前面相同内容,“也不怎么样”.
　　【例】
　　Li Lei can't answer the question. Neither can I.
　　If you don't wait for him, nor shall I.
　　（8）only放在句首,强调状语（副词、介词短语或状语从句等）,语序要部分倒装.
　　【例】
　　Only in this way can we get in touch with them.
　　Only because he was ill was he absent from school.
　　注意：only放在句首,强调主语时,语序不必倒装.
　　【例】
　　Only Mr wang knows abut it.
　　（9）带有否定意义的词放在句首,语序需要部分倒装.常见的词语有：not, never, seldom, scarcely, barely, little, at no time, not only, not once, under no condition hardly…when, no sooner…than… 等.
　　【例】
　　Little did I think he is a spy.
　　我一点也没想到他是一个间谍.
　　Hardly had I reached home when it began to rain.
　　No sooner had I entered the room than the phone rang.
　　（10）在虚拟语气中,倒装代替条件.
　　【例】
　　Should he be here next week, he would help us with the problem.
　　Were there no light, we could see nothing. （11）用于某些表示祝愿的句子.
　　【例】
　　May you succeed!祝你成功!
　　Long live France!法兰西万岁!
　　知识点剖析
　　英语句子的自然语序是主语在前,谓语动词在后.
　　把谓语动词放在主语之前,就叫倒装结构.如果全部谓语放在主语之前,叫全部倒装；如果只把助动词或情态动词放在主语之前就叫部分倒装.
　　一、完全倒装
　　1．用于there be句型
　　There are many students in the classroom. 教室里有很多学生.
　　2．句首状语引起完全倒装
　　用于“here（there,now,then）+不及物动词+主语”的句型中,或以out,in,up,down,away等副词开头的句子里,以表示强调.例如：
　　①Here comes the bus. 车来了.
　　②There goes the bell. 铃响了.
　　③Now comes your turn. 该你的了.
　　④Out went the children. 孩子们出去了.
　　当代词作主语时,主谓语序不变.例如：
　　⑤Here it is. 在这儿.
　　⑥Here he comes. 他来了.
　　3．当句首状语为表示地点的介词词组时,也常常引起全部倒装
　　①South of the city lies a big steel factory. 城南有个大型钢铁厂.
　　②From the valley came a frightening sound. 山谷里传来了一阵吓人的声响.
　　4．表语置于句首时,倒装结构为“表语+连系动词+主语”
　　1）形容词+连系动词+主语
　　Present at the meeting were Professor White, Professor Smith and many other guests. 出席会议的有怀特教授、史密斯教授以及其他的客人.
　　2）过去分词+连系动词+主语
　　Gone are the Days when they would Do what they liked. 他们可以随心所欲的日子过去了.
　　3）介词短语+be+主语
　　Among the goods are Christmas trees, flowers, candles and toys. 这些东西里有圣诞树、花儿、蜡烛和玩具.
　　5．用于so,nor,neither开头的句子,表示重复前句部分内容,原句的谓语应与前句谓语的时态、形式相一致
　　①He has been to beijing. So have I. 他去过北京,我也去过.
　　②Li Wei can't answer the question. Neither can I.李威回答不了这个问题,我也不能.
　　6．为了保持句子平衡或为了强调表语或状语,或使上下文紧密衔接时
　　①They arrived at a farmhouse, in front of which sat a small boy. 他们来到了一个农舍,农舍前面坐着一个小男孩.
　　②Inside the classroom are the students and the teacher.
　　老师和学生在教室里.
　　二、部分倒装
　　1．用于疑问句
　　Do you speak English? 你说英语吗?
　　2．用于省略if的虚拟条件状语从句
　　Had you reviewed your lessons, you might have passed the examination. 如果你复习了的话,你就会及格的.
　　3．用于“形容词（或名词、动词）+as（though）引导的让步状语从句中”
　　①Pretty as she is, she is not clever. 尽管她很漂亮,可她不聪明.
　　②Try as he could, he might fall again. 尽管他可以试一试,他还会掉下来.
　　4．用于否定词或短语开头的句型中
　　1）在用as（though）引导的让步状语从句中,如果主语较长,也可实行全部倒装.
　　Difficult as was the chemistry homework, it was finished in time. 尽管化学作业很难,还是及时完成了.
　　2）如果从句的表语是名词,其名词前不加任何冠词.
　　①Child as he was, he had to make a living. 尽管他还是个孩子,他不得不去谋生.
　　注：用于no sooner… than…,hardly… when和not until的句型中.
　　②Not until the teacher came Did he finish his homework. 直到老师来了,他才写完作业.
　　注：用于 never, hardly, seldom, scarcely, barely, little, often, at no time, at no time, not only, not once 等词开头的句子.
　　③Never shall I Do this again. 我再也不会这么做了.
　　④Little Did he know who the woman was. 他不太知道那个女的是谁.
　　3）用于only开头的句子（only后面跟副词、介词短语或状语从句）.
　　①Only this afternoon Did I finish the novel. 就是在今天下午我才看完这本小说.
　　②Only in this way can you master English.只有用这种方法你才能掌握英语.
　　③Only when he told me Did I realize what trouble he was in. 只有在他告诉我的时候,我才知道他的麻烦.
　　6）如果直接引语后注明引语是什么人说的,而且主语是名词时,用倒装结构；主语是代词时,一般不用倒装.
　　“Let's go,”said the man. “走啊,”那个男的说.
　　7）用于某些表示祝愿的句子.
　　May you succeed! 祝你成功!