什么是倒装句

Question

什么是倒装句

Answer 1

为了强调、突出等语的目的而颠倒原有语序的句式叫做倒装句.在倒装句中,颠倒了的成分可以恢复原位而句意基本不变,句法成分不变.
英语的基本句型是主语 + 谓语.如果将主语与谓语调换, 称倒装句.
装句分全倒装句和半倒装句.
一、 全倒装: 主语与谓语交换位置不需任何助动词, 叫全倒装.全倒装有以下三种情况:
1、当here, there, out, in, up, down等副词放在句首时, 句子需全倒装:
There goes the bell! 铃响了!
There lived an old man.
Here comes the bus.
注意: ①在这种情况下倒装仅限于不及物动词或be动词, 像go, come, mush等.
②主语如果是代词时不需倒装如Away he went. 他走远了.
2、方位状语在句首, 如:
In front of the house stopped a police car.
Nearby were two canoes in which they had come to the island.
Under the tree sat a boy.
3 、直接引语在句首, 这种情况可倒装也可不倒装
"What does it mean?" asked the boy或the boy asked.
二、半倒装: 主语与谓语的助动词交换位置称半倒装, 有以下数种情况:
1,否定意义的词在句首, 句子半倒装, 例如: little, never, not, no, hardly, rarely,seldom
Never shall I forget you. At no time was the man aware of what was happening.
Little did I understand what he said to me at that time.
2、 几对并列连词如not only…but also, hardly… when等连接两个并列句, 连词在句首, 前句半倒装, 后句不倒装:
Not only was everything he had taker away from him, but also his German citizenship was taken away.
No sooner had I got to the bus stop than the bus started.
注意: ①not only…but also连接两个并列主语时不需倒装, 如:Not only you but also I like playing chess.
②neither…nor在句首时, 前后两句都需倒装,Neither do I have a sister nor does my husband.
3、only在句首强调状语, 主句半倒装:
Only then did I realize that I was wrong.Only in this way can I learn from my fault.
Only when the war was over in 1918, was he able to get back to work.
注意: only强调主语不倒装:Only the teachers can use the room.
4、so…that句型, so在句首时, 主句倒装, that从句不倒装:
So easy is it that a clild can learn it.So hard did he work that he finally won the fame.
I saw the film, so did he.
5.省略了if的虚拟条件句
Had I been informed earlier, I could have done something.Were she here, she would support the motion.
1.His mother had talked to him for many minutes while he was watching TV,but ＿＿＿＿.
A.a little did he hear B.little did he hear C.little heard he D.a little heard he
2.—— Hello,Zhu Hua.I’ll have to return to Canada because I’ve worked here for a year.—— ＿＿＿＿＿!
A.What tim?flies B.How time flies C.What does time fly D.How does time fly
3.During the war, ＿＿＿＿but also he lost his wife and his child.
A.not was his job in the lab taken away B.not only was his job in the lab taken away
C.not merely his job in the lab was taken away D.not just was taken away his job in the lab
4.—— We have to stop talking here outside.Listen,＿＿＿＿＿!—— Hurry up, or we’ll be late.
A.There goes the bell B.There does the bell go C.There the bell goes D.Goes the bell there
5.I think this is the first time that we have met.＿＿＿anywhere.
A.Before have we never seen each other B.Never before we have seen each other
C.Each other have we seen never before D.Never before have we seen each other
6.＿＿＿! You should take this chance to attend it.
A.How important conference is it B.How an important conference it is
C.What an important conference is it D.What an important conference it is
7.She didn’t come to the party last Sunday.＿＿＿,she must have made the party more exciting.
A.If she came B.Would she come C.Had she come D.Did she come
8.They finally managed to climb to the top,but ＿＿then.
A.went the children down the hill B.down the hill did the children go
C.down the hill went the children D.down the hill the children went
9.I received his mother’s telephone call at eleven.＿＿that he was badly hurt in an accident yesterday.
A.Then did I know B.Only then I knew C.Only then did I know D.Only then knew I
10.—— What sport do you like best?—— Springboard diving(跳板跳水).＿＿＿ to dive into water from high board!
A.What a fun is it B.How fun it is C.How a fun is it D.What fun it is
11.—— The old man wouldn’t stay at home for a rest even if it rained.
—— ＿＿＿＿.He would feel sick if he stayed home for one day.
A.So would my grandpa B.So wouldn’t my grandpa
C.Neither would my grandpa D.Nor wouldn’t my grandpa
12.＿＿＿for us to surf(冲浪) on the sea in summer!
A.What exciting is it B.How exciting is it C.What exciting it is D.How exciting it is
13.By no means ＿＿＿ to our plan for the trip.
A.will she agree B.she will agree C.agrees she D.will agree she
14.The child tiptoed(翘起脚尖走) quietly to the bird.＿＿＿into the forest when he was about to catch it.
A.Flew it away B.Away flew it C.Away it flew D.Flew away it
15.Little Tom is an orphan.＿＿＿＿＿,he has to make a living by himself.
A.A child as he is B.Child as he is C.Child as is he D.A child though he is
16.＿＿＿he gave that we should take more exercise in our spare time!
A.What a good advice B.How a good advice C.What good advice D.How good advice
17.Hardly had she walked out of the woods ＿＿＿ she heard the strange scream coming from behind a tree.
A.than B.until C.since D.when
18.＿＿＿that we couldn’t catch up with him.
A.So fast he ran B.So fast did he run C.So fast ran he D.Such fast did he run
19.We have been on duty for four hours and ＿＿＿＿.
A.now comes your turn B.now does your turn come C.now your turn comes D.comes now your turn
20.We haven’t seen each other for many months.＿＿!
A.What I missed you B.What did I miss you C.How I missed you D.How did I miss you
21.＿＿can you find out how many chickens there are!
A.Counting them B.By counting them C.Only by counting them D.Only have you counted them
22.Between the two mounts＿＿＿and they decide to build a ropeway(索道).
A.lies a very deep valley B.does a very deep valley lie
C.a very deep valley lies D.a very deep valley lays
23.They went into a small house but ＿＿＿.
A.no persons did they find B.not a person found they
C.not a person did they find D.not a person they found
24.—— My mother does a lot of housework before going to work,but she has never been late.—— ＿＿＿＿＿.
A.So does my mother B.Neither does my mother C.Nor has my mother D.So it is with my mother
25.Everyone has arrived at eight and ＿＿＿＿.A.then does the meeting begin B.then begins the meeting
C.begins the meeting then D.does the meeting begin then
26.＿＿it is for us to see that he does his work so well!
A.What surprise B.How surprise C.What a surprise D.How a surprise
27.Look over there.＿＿＿!
A.Around the corner is walking a policeman B.Around the corner is a policeman walking
C.Around the corner a policeman is walking D.Is around the corner walking a policeman
28.＿＿＿,we could forgive him for his mistakes!
A.Were he still a child B.If he is still a child C.Is he still a child D.He were still a child
29.Henry often helps look after Granny Wang,but＿＿＿.
A.seldom is George B.seldom George does
C.seldom does George D.seldom looks George after Granny Wang
30.—— The water changes into thick ice covering rivers and lakes in winter in Harbin.
—— ＿＿＿＿ in Urumqi and children go skating on it then.
A.So is it B.So it does C.So it is D.So does it
31.I remember that ＿＿＿＿ an old church on the top of the hill many years ago.
A.used to be there B.there used to be C.there used to have D.there had
32.Could you write me a letter ＿＿＿?
A.when will you get home B.when do you get home C.when you will get home D.when you get home
33.Mother told Rose to buy some sugar in the supermarket and ＿＿＿.
A.she did so B.so she did C.so did she D.she did such
34.＿＿＿shortly after it stopped raining.
A.There appeared a colorful rainbow in the sky B.In the sky did a colorful rainbow appear
C.There a colorful rainbow appeared in the sky D.There in the sky a colorful rainbow appeared
35.After the patients went into the office,＿＿working.
A.only a doctor did they see B.only a doctor saw they
C.only a doctor they saw D.only a doctor had they seen
1.B.具有否定意义的副词如：little,seldom,never,hardly,scarcely,rarely等位于句首时,句子的主谓部分倒装.
2.B.how time flies＝how fast time flies“时间过得真快”.因为被感叹的部分是副词fast,因此感叹词用how,感叹句需用陈述语序.
3.B.not only...but also连接两个并列分句,且not only位于句首时,该分句主谓部分倒装.
4.A.在以here,there,up,down,in,on,out,away,off等副词开头的句子里,主语是名词时,句子主谓全部倒装,以示强调.但主语是人称代词时,不倒装.
5.D.否定副词never before提前到句首时,句子用部分倒装.
6.D.由于被感叹的部分是可数名词单数conference,所以感叹词用what,感叹句需用陈述语序.
7.C.Had she come＝If she had come.if引导虚拟语气条件状语从句,在口语中或非正式场合可以把if省略掉而改用部分倒装.
8.C.介词短语位于句首,且谓语为不及物动词的句子,句子的主谓全部倒装.
9.C.only修饰句子的状语（副词、介词短语、状语从句）位于句首时,句子的主谓部分倒装.
10.D.句子中fun是不可数名词,感叹词需要用what.
11.C.Neither would my grandpa＝My grandpa wouldn’t stay at home for a rest,either.否定副词neither,nor提前到句首,句子用部分倒装.
12.D.形容词exciting前用感叹词how,感叹句用陈述语序.
13.A.表示否定意义的介词短语在句中作状语置于句首时,句子的主谓部分倒装.这样的介词短语有：by no means,at no time,in no way,not in the least等.
14.C.参见注4.
15.B.Child as he is＝Although he is a child.as引导让步状语从句时,通常要把作表语的形容词或名词、作状语的副词或动词原形提前到句首,同时注意,作表语的单数名词前无形容词时要把不定冠词去掉.
16.C.名词advice用感叹词what,advice是一个不可数名词.
17.D.hardly...when...表示“一……就”.注意,主句主谓要用部分倒装.
18.B.在so...that的句型中“so＋形容词或副词”提前到句首时,主句主谓部分倒装.19.A.时间副词now／then置于句首,其谓语又是come,go,begin等,这时应该用全部倒装语序.
20.C.how修饰句子的谓语动词,句子表示“我是多么想念你啊!”
21.C.参见注9.
22.A.参见注8.
23.C.“not a (an)＋可数名词的单数形式”提前到句首时,句子要用部分倒装.
24.D.如果前面提及不止一件事情,说明另一个人也是如此要用so it is／was with sb..
25.B.参见注19.
26.C.surprise是一个抽象名词,通常作不可数名词,但这里说明某次具体情况,surprise可以用作可数名词,前面加不定冠词a (surprise没有复数形式）.类似词有shame,pity等.
27.A.参见注8.
28.A.Were he still a child＝If he were still a child.
29.C.参见注1.
30.D.so does it＝the water also changes into thick ice covering the rivers and lakes in winter in Urumqi.说明乌鲁木齐的天气也是如此.
31.B.there used to be构成倒装句式,表示过去曾出现过的情况.
32.D.when you get home时间状语从句用陈述语序,一般现在时表示将来.
33.A.so替代前面提到的要求所作的事情,此时不用倒装.
34.A.there后面可以跟不及物动词appear／live／stand／lie等,说明某处出现／存在某现象或某事物,此时句子主语必须是名词.
35.C.only修饰句子的宾语位于句首时,句子不倒装.