二、化学结构异构现象,大致分为五类：Ionizationisomerism,Hydrateisomerism,Linkageisomerism,Coordinationisomerism,Polymerizationisomerism.1．Ionizationisomerism(1)Twocoordinationcompoundswhichdifferinthedistributionofio

Question

二、化学结构异构现象,大致分为五类：
Ionization isomerism,Hydrate isomerism,Linkage isomerism,Coordination isomerism,
Polymerization isomerism.
1．Ionization isomerism
(1) Two coordination compounds which differ in the distribution of ions between those directly coordinated and counter-ions present in the crystal lattice are called ionization isomers.
(2) e.g.[Cr(NH3)5Br]SO4 and [Cr(NH3)5SO4]Br
2．Hydrate isomerism (Solvent isomerism)
(1) Hydrate isomerism is similar to ionization isomerism except that an uncharged ligand changes from being coordinated to a free-lattice position whilst another ligand moves in the opposite sense.
(2) e.g.[Cr(H2O)6]Cl3 ,[Cr(H2O)5Cl]Cl2•H2O ,[Cr(H2O)4Cl2]Cl•2H2O
3．Linkage isomerism
(1) The first example of this type of isomerism was provided by Jrgensen,Werner’s
contemporary.His method of preparation was as follows：
(2) It deals with a few ligands (ambidenatate) that are capable of bonding through are type of donor atom in one situation not a different atom in another complex.Some authors refer to this type of isomerism as “structural isomerism” but inasmuch as all isomerism is basically “structural” ,the term linkage isomerism is preferable.
(3) e.g.and
and
4．Coordination isomerism
(1) This may occur only when the cation and anion of a salt are both complexes,the two isomers differing in the distribution of ligands between the cation and anion
(2) e.g.and
and
and
(3) Coordination position isomerism
In this form of isomerism the distribution of ligands between two coordination centers differs
e.g.
and
5．Polymerization isomerism
(1) Strictly speaking,polymerization isomerism,in which n varies in the complex [MLm]n is not isomerism.It is included in this list because it represents on additional way in which an empirical formula may give incomplete information about the nature of a complex.
(2) For example,all members of the following series are polymerization isomers:

Answer 1

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二、化学结构异构现象,大致分为五类：
电离异构（对映异构）、水合异构、键合异构、配位异构、聚合异构
1．电离（对映）异构
(1)存在于晶格中直接的配位和反离子间在离子分布上不同的两种配位化合物被称为电离（对映）异构体.
(2) 如 [Cr(NH3)5Br]SO4 和 [Cr(NH3)5SO4]Br
2．水合异构（溶剂异构）
(1)水合异构与电离异构类似,除了不带电的配位体从配体变成自由格同时另一个配体移动到其相反位置.
(2) 例如 [Cr(H2O)6]Cl3 ,[Cr(H2O)5Cl]Cl2•H2O ,[Cr(H2O)4Cl2]Cl•2H2O
3．键合异构
(1)这种类型的首例异构由当代的J rgensen, Werner’s （人名）证明.他的方法准备如下：
(2)它涉及少量的配体(多重配体)能够通过配位原子在一种情形下键合而不是不同原子的另一种组合.一些作家表述这种同分异构为“构造异构”但由于所有的异构都为基本结构,术语“键合异构”更为合理一些.
(3) 举例说明,
4．配位异构
(1)这种只发生在盐的阴阳离子均为络合物,两种同分异构体阴阳离子配位基分布不同时.
(2) 例如
(3)配位点异构
这种形式的异构在两配位中心的配体分布不同.
5．聚合异构
(1) 严格来说,聚合异构在复杂 [MLm]n的 n系列中并不属于异构.它被划分到这一列表中是因其在关于复杂体性质经验式的不完全信息的额外表现 .
(2) 比如,下列所有的物质均为聚合异构体：