反义疑问句用法反义疑问句中主句有表否定的单词如hardly,never那么怎么；答复“?不要从句用法

Question

反义疑问句用法
反义疑问句中主句有表否定的单词如hardly,never那么怎么；答复“?不要从句用法

Answer 1

反意疑问句又叫附加疑问句,是在陈述句之后,对陈述句所叙述的事实提出的疑问.其基本结构有两种：一是“肯定陈述句＋简略否定问句”；二是“否定陈述句＋简略肯定问句”.反意疑问句的前后两部分在时态、人称和数上都要保持一致.如：
It looks like rain, doesn＇t it﹖
He doesn＇t need to work so late, does he﹖
学习反意疑问句,特别要注意以下的一些特殊情况：
1．陈述部分的主语是this, that时,疑问部分的主语多用it；陈述部分的主语是these, those时,疑问部分的主语多用they.如：
This is a dictionary, isn＇t it﹖
Those are shelves, aren＇t they﹖
2．陈述句如果是there be结构时,疑问部分仍用there.如：
There once was a man named Saint Nicholas, wasn＇t there﹖
3．陈述部分的谓语是had better(最好)时,疑问部分用hadn＇t来体现.如：
You＇d better have a good rest, hadn＇t you﹖
4．陈述句的谓语动词是have(has)to(必须)时,疑问部分用助动词do或does来体现.如：
They have to go there, don＇t they﹖
He has to leave early, doesn＇t he﹖
5．陈述句中的谓语动词是wish时,疑问部分常用may来体现.如：
You wish to go home, may you﹖
6．在英语口语中,“I am＋表语”结构,后面的反意疑问句多用aren＇t I来体现.如：
I am very interested in learning English, aren＇t I﹖
7．陈述句的主语是动词不定式、动词的ing形式或从句时,疑问部分的主语多用it来体现.如：
Taking care of our environment is very important, isn＇t it﹖
What he said is right, isn＇t it﹖
8．陈述句中含有not、no、hardly、neither、never、few、little、too…to等否定词或具有否定意义的词时,疑问部分常用肯定形式.如：
Few people knew the news, did they﹖
Tom has never been to England, has he﹖
但陈述句中如果带有否定意义的前缀和后缀的单词时,整个句子仍视为肯定句,反意疑问部分多用否定形式.如：
She is unhappy, isn＇t she﹖
9．陈述句中的谓语动词含有“推测”性的词must(一定)时,反意疑问部分多与must之后的动词形式和时态与句子主语保持一致.
Her mother must be a teacher, isn＇t she﹖
She must have read the novel, hasn＇t she﹖
10．陈述句的主语是nobody, no one, everyone, somebody等不定代词时,反意疑问部分的主语多用they,如果陈述句的主语是something,nothing,anything,everything等不定代词时,反意疑问部分的主语多用it.如：
Nobody says a word about the accident, do they﹖
Everything seems all right, doesn＇t it﹖
11．陈述句是主从复合句时,如果主句的谓语动词是think、believe、expect、feel、guess等词,且主语是第一人称I时,反意疑问部分的人称、时态要与从句中的人称、时态保持一致,同时还要考虑到否定的转移.如：
I believe that the boy can get a ticket for you, can＇t he﹖
I don＇t think he will come, will he
8．以Let us开头的祈使句之后用will you反问,而以Let's开头的祈使句之后却用shall we反问.不过意思有所不同,Let us表示“征求对方的意见,让我们……,你同意吗?（不包括对方）”；而Let's则表示“让咱们（一块）……,好吗?（包括对方）”.如：
(15)Let us gather at the school gate,will you?我们在校门口集合,你同意吗?〈你本人不去〉
(16)Let's gather at the school gate,shall we?咱们在校门口集合,好吗?〈你本人也要去〉
should 仍用should来反意
1．如果陈述部分包含seldom,never,rarely,scarcely,few,little, nothing,nowhere等半否定词或否定词,附加疑问句部分的动词用肯定形式.如：
①He seldom goes to the cinema,does he?
②There is nothing wrong,is there?
2．如果陈述部分的否定词是由否定前缀或后缀如im-,un-,in-,ir-,dis-,-less等构成的,该否定部分作肯定处理,附加疑问部分仍用否定形式.如：
③Mike is hopeless,isn't he?
④His brother dislikes to eat potatoes,doesn't he?
3．当陈述部分是一个带有 that分句作宾语的主从结构时,附加疑问句部分一般与主句的主语和谓语动词保持对应关系.如：
⑤Mary says that John is right,doesn't she?
4．当陈述部分为带that分句的主从结构,且主句为I suppose,I think,I believe等结构时,附加疑问部分的主谓语与that从句保持一致,但这时要注意否定的转移.如：
⑥I don't think you can finish the task on time,can you?
⑦I suppose that he knows the secret of the Greens,doesn't he?
5．陈述部分带有情态动词 used to时,附加疑问部分用used或 use或did.如：
⑧Peter used to swim in winter,usedn't ／usen't ／didn't he?
6．can't用于表示推测,作“不可能”解时,附加疑问部分须根据 can't的动词选用相对应的形式.如：
⑨Betty can't be a student,is she?
⑩The workers can't have finished their work,have they?
7．当m ust表示“推测”含义时,其反意疑问句有两种情况：
1）当前文句子带有must be,must do时,附加疑问句用适当形式.如：
(11)She must be from Britain,isn't she?
(12)She must come from Britain,doesn't she?
2）当陈述句中带有m ust have done,且有过去时间状语,附加问句用didn't反问；不带过去时间状语时,附加问句则用haven't或hasn't.如：
(13)You must have seen the film last week,didn't you?
(14)You must have seen the film,haven't you?
8．以Let us开头的祈使句之后用will you反问,而以Let's开头的祈使句之后却用shall we反问.不过意思有所不同,Let us表示“征求对方的意见,让我们……,你同意吗?（不包括对方）”；而Let's则表示“让咱们（一块）……,好吗?（包括对方）”.如：
(15)Let us gather at the school gate,will you?我们在校门口集合,你同意吗?〈你本人不去〉
(16)Let's gather at the school gate,shall we?咱们在校门口集合,好吗?〈你本人也要去〉
9．陈述部分为并列句时,尾句对后一个分句进行反问.如：
(17)It's her daughter's wedding next week and she will try her best for that,won't she?
10．陈述部分含有had better时,附加问句部分仍用had反问；含有have to或has to或had to时,用 don't或doesn't或didn't反问.如：
(18)You had better have a rest,hadn't you?
(19)Rose has to clean the classroom,doesn't she?
(20)George had to raise four children and his wife,didn't he?
反意疑问句的一些特殊形式和用法
就对反意疑问句的一些特殊形式和用法讲述一下,供同学们在复习时参考.
1．如果陈述部分包含seldom,never,rarely,scarcely,few,little, nothing,nowhere等半否定词或否定词,附加疑问句部分的动词用肯定形式.如：
①He seldom goes to the cinema,does he?
②There is nothing wrong,is there?
2．如果陈述部分的否定词是由否定前缀或后缀如im-,un-,in-,ir-,dis-,-less等构成的,该否定部分作肯定处理,附加疑问部分仍用否定形式.如：
③Mike is hopeless,isn't he?
④His brother dislikes to eat potatoes,doesn't he?
3．当陈述部分是一个带有 that分句作宾语的主从结构时,附加疑问句部分一般与主句的主语和谓语动词保持对应关系.如：
⑤Mary says that John is right,doesn't she?
4．当陈述部分为带that分句的主从结构,且主句为I suppose,I think,I believe等结构时,附加疑问部分的主谓语与that从句保持一致,但这时要注意否定的转移.如：
⑥I don't think you can finish the task on time,can you?
⑦I suppose that he knows the secret of the Greens,doesn't he?
5．陈述部分带有情态动词 used to时,附加疑问部分用used或 use或did.如：
⑧Peter used to swim in winter,usedn't ／usen't ／didn't he?
6．can't用于表示推测,作“不可能”解时,附加疑问部分须根据 can't的动词选用相对应的形式.如：
⑨Betty can't be a student,is she?
⑩The workers can't have finished their work,have they?
7．当m ust表示“推测”含义时,其反意疑问句有两种情况：
1）当前文句子带有must be,must do时,附加疑问句用适当形式.如：
(11)She must be from Britain,isn't she?
(12)She must come from Britain,doesn't she?
2）当陈述句中带有m ust have done,且有过去时间状语,附加问句用didn't反问；不带过去时间状语时,附加问句则用haven't或hasn't.如：
(13)You must have seen the film last week,didn't you?
(14)You must have seen the film,haven't you?
8．以Let us开头的祈使句之后用will you反问,而以Let's开头的祈使句之后却用shall we反问.不过意思有所不同,Let us表示“征求对方的意见,让我们……,你同意吗?（不包括对方）”；而Let's则表示“让咱们（一块）……,好吗?（包括对方）”.如：
(15)Let us gather at the school gate,will you?我们在校门口集合,你同意吗?〈你本人不去〉
(16)Let's gather at the school gate,shall we?咱们在校门口集合,好吗?〈你本人也要去〉
9．陈述部分为并列句时,尾句对后一个分句进行反问.如：
(17)It's her daughter's wedding next week and she will try her best for that,won't she?
10．陈述部分含有had better时,附加问句部分仍用had反问；含有have to或has to或had to时,用 don't或doesn't或didn't反问.如：
(18)You had better have a rest,hadn't you?
(19)Rose has to clean the classroom,doesn't she?
(20)George had to raise four children and his wife,didn't he?
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