英语翻译一、金属材料介绍金属材料是我们日常生活及工业上应用最广泛的材料.它主要分为钢﹑铁及有色金属等几类,而其中的钢又是应用最多最普遍的材料,钢中主要成份是铁元素,其余部

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英语翻译
一、金属材料介绍
金属材料是我们日常生活及工业上应用最广泛的材料.它主要分为钢﹑铁及有色金属等几类,而其中的钢又是应用最多最普遍的材料,钢中主要成份是铁元素,其余部分是人为添加的合金元素及各种杂质.正是由于这些添加的合金元素的品种不同、数量不同才形成了各种各样的钢,如普通碳钢,不锈钢,合金钢等等,在这些添加元素中碳C起着非常重要的作用
各种钢中占多数百分比的为铁元素（Fe ）,除之以外,通常还含有下列几种元素（通常称之为钢中的合金元素） C（碳） Si（硅）Mn（锰）P（磷）S（硫）以及 Cr（铬）Ni（镍）Mo（钼）Ti（钛）V（钒）等.
一般情况下,其中P,S 为杂质成份,越低钢材质量越好
按照钢中添加的合金元素品种的不同,我们可以将钢简单地分为三大类：碳钢.合金钢.不锈钢.\x0b 1、碳钢:其中合金元素只有C,Si,Mn,P,S五种,其按照P,S杂质含量高低,又分为普碳钢(P,S 一般≤0.040%),和优碳钢(P,S一般≤0.03%),常见钢种有:普碳钢:Q215A.Q235BF；优碳钢:20#.45#.16Mn等\x0b 2、合金钢:除碳钢中含有的5种元素以外,还添加了10%以下的Cr Mo V 等元素,
3、不锈钢:通常是在碳钢基础上.增加了高比例的Cr,Ni等合金而成,含量比例可达20%以上
常见钢种有：
（1）日本、美国钢号表示方法：304（C

Answer 1

introduction of metal materials
metal materials are most widely used in our daily lives and industrial uses.there are several categories of metal materials including steel, iron ,nonferrous material etc.and steel is the most commonly used among them. iron is the main element in steels,other elements including all kinds alloy elements added and foreign elements.the vast varieties in the properties of steel are due to the differences of these alloy elements regarding categories and percentage.such as ordinary carbon steel ,stainless steel, alloy steel etc.carbon is playing an indispensable role in the functioning of the alloy elements.
iron makes up the majority percentage in all kinds of steels.several alloy elements can be mostly seen in the steel such as carbon(c),silicon (si), manganese(mn),phosphorus(p),sulfur(s),chromium(cr),nickel(ni),molybdenum(mo),titanium(ti) ,vanadium(va) etc.
often we see phosphorus and sulfur as foreign substances,the less percentage these two elements make up the higher quality the steels are.
steel can be simply classified into three categories in accordance with the alloy elements added to it as: carbon steel,alloy steel, stainless steel.carbon steel is the kind with only the alloy elements of c,si, mn,p,s,and can be categorized according to the percentage p and s are making up as :ordinary carbon steel(p and s each less than 0.04%) like:Q215A, Q235BF and high quality carbon steel(p and s each less than 0.03%) like:20#,45#,16Mn etc.alloy steel also contains elements cr,mo,v with less than ten percent in addition to the five ordinary elements above mentioned.
stainless steel:with a as high as 20 percent percentage of alloy such as cr,ni,etc added.
for example:
in japan and the united states:304(C