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如图,点D在△ABC的边BC上,且与B,C不重合,过点D作AC的平行线DE交AB于E,作AB的平行线DF交AC于点F.又知BC=5.(1)设△ABC的面积为S.若四边形AEFD的面积为25S;求BD长.(2)若AC=2AB;且DF经

题目详情
如图,点D在△ABC的边BC上,且与B,C不重合,过点D作AC的平行线DE交AB于E,作AB的平行线DF交AC于点F.又知BC=5.
(1)设△ABC的面积为S.若四边形AEFD的面积为
2
5
S;求BD长.
(2)若AC=
2
AB;且DF经过△ABC的重心G,求E,F两点的距离.
▼优质解答
答案和解析
如图,

(1)∵DE∥AC,DF∥AB,
∴△BDE∽△BCA∽△DCF,
记S△BDE=S1,S△DCF=S2
∵SAEFD=
2
5
S,
∴S1+S2=S-
2
5
S=
3
5
S.①
S1
S
=
BD
BC
S2
S
=
CD
BC

于是
S1
S
+
S2
S
=
BD+CD
BC
=1,即
S1
+
S2
=
S

两边平方得S=S1+S2+2
S1S2

故2
S1S2
=SAEFD=
2
5
S,即S1S2=
1
25
S2.②
由①、②解得S1=
5
10
S,即
S1
S
=
5
10

S1
S
=(
BD
BC
)2,即
5
10
=(
BD
5
)2,解得BD=
30±10
5
2
=
(5±
5
)2
2
=
5
2


(2)由G是△ABC的重心,DF过点G,且DF∥AB,可得
CD
CB
=
2
3
,则DF=
2
3
AB.
由DE∥AC,
CD
CB
=
2
3
,得DE=
1
3
AC,
∵AC=
2
AB,∴
AC
AB
=
2
DF
ED
=
2AB
2AB
=
2

DF
DE
=
AC
AB
,即
DF
AC
=
DE
AB

又∠EDF=∠A,故△DEF∽△ABC,
EF
BC
=
DE
AB
,所以EF=
5
2
3