被动语态考点清单

Question

被动语态考点清单

Answer 1

初三英语总复习
语态之一:被动语态

1.是什么及其构成:主动语态中主语是谓语动词的发出者,宾语是谓语动词的对象.被动语态中主语是谓语动词的承受者(动作的对象). 其谓语构成为:　助动词be＋动词过去分词.(助动词be有am, is, are, was, were, being,been几个形式变化.) 动作的发出者由by引出,作为by的宾语,也可以省略.

主动语态: We clean our classroom every day.
被动语态: Our classroom is cleaned (by us) every day.

[注意]①把主动语态改为被动语态时,句子的时态不能变.
　　　 ②若by的宾语为人称代词,则代词要用宾格.

2.什么时候要用被动语态呢?
①不知道动作的执行者是谁,用被动语态.(玻璃打碎了)
②没有必要指出谁是动作的执行者,用被动语态.(大桥建成了)
③需要强调动作的承受者时,用被动语态.(他被抓住了)

热身练习
①Lily writes many letters every day.
②They visited this farm last year.
③We have learned 3000 English words so far.

3. 在被动语态中要注意的问题
①一些使役动词(let, have, make等)或感观动词(see, hear, watch, notice等)在主动语态中后面接的动词不定式不带to,但改为被动语态时,要补上to.如：
The boss makes the workers work 18 hours a day.
The workers are made to work 18 hours a day by the boss.
I saw him enter the house.
He was seen to enter the house by me.
The teacher let them leave the classroom after class.
They were let to leave the classroom by the teacher after class.
We hear her sing in the room every day.
She is heard to sing in the room every day.

[注意]当使用see/hear/watch sb doing sth时,变为被动语态时,doing保持不变.如：
　　 I saw him going into the shop.
He was seen going into the shop.

把下列句子改为被动语态
We saw many students read books yesterday.


His mother made him wash his own clothes at the age of 10.



②含有短语的被动语态结构.
turn off 、 turn on 、 hand in 、write down 、put on 、 look after、 talk about、 play with、 take care of、 pay attention to等,在变被动语态时,不可拆.
请看下面的例子：
They set up the factory in 2000.
The factory was set up in 2000.

Our school will put off the School Sports meeting until December.
The School Sports meeting will be put off until December.

People have talked about the accident.

____________________________________________

You should pay more attention to your study this year.

__________________________________________________________


③带有双宾语的被动结构.有些动词可以带两个宾语.
当用直接宾语作主语时,要根据动词的习惯配搭、要在间接宾语前补上介词to或for.
She will write a long letter to David Smith.
A long letter will be written to David Smith.
David Smith will be written a long letter.

Her parents bought her a new computer yesterday.
She was bought a new computer yesterday.
A new computer was bought for her yesterday.

They have given me some good advice.
I ______________________________________
Some good advice ____________________________.

He passed me some paper.
Some paper __________________________.
I _________________________________________.

You must keep some fruit for him.
Some fruit______________________________.
He ___________________________________.

④一些特殊的被动结构
（1）某些系动词,如feel, smell, taste, sound等加上形容词, 可用主动语态表被动意义.
e.g.:The food tastes delicious.
The music sounds very familiar to me.
（2）动词need, require,后加v.-ing的主动结构常表示被动含义
e.g.: My watch can’t work, it needs repairing.
This picture requires careful drawing.
(3)还有一些特殊的词,无被动形式.如:happen,belong to
e.g.: A car accident happened yesterday.
This book belongs to me.



1.翻译下列句子
电视机关掉了.

那小偷被抓住了.

所有的窗户都被打破了.

2.填正确形式
1、Tea _______ (grow) in Fujian.
2、Chinese __________ (speak) in China.
3、The bed __________ (use) for sleeping.
4、Our classroom _________ (clean) every day.
5、The cars __________ (make) in Beijing.

3.单选
1) Diamond ____in Brazil in 1971.
　　A) is found　　B) has been found 　　C) was found 　　D) had been found
2)“Have you moved to the new flat?”“Not yet. The room____.”
　　A) has been painted 　　B) is painted 　　C) paints 　　D) is being painted
3) My pictures ____until next Friday.
A) won't develop 　　 B) aren't developed 　
C) don't develop 　　 D) won' t be developed
4) Tim ____since he lost his job three weeks ago.
A) had been unemployed　　 B) was unemployed　
C) has been unemployed D) has unemployed
5) A great number of colleges and universities ____since 1949.
　 A) has been establish B) have been established
C) have established 　 D) had been established
6) I'll have to push the car to the side of the road because we ____if we leave it here.
A) would be fined B) will be fined
C) will being fined D) will have been fined
7)“____two tickets for the new play at the Grand Theatre on Saturday. Shall we go and see it together?”
A) They have been given 　 B) I have been given　
C) I am given　　 D) They have given to me
8) The subject of these lectures ____by the lecture committee.
A) is announced 　 B) have been announced 　　
C) are announced 　　 D) has been announced
9) The goods ____when we arrived at the airport.
A) were just unloading B) were just been unloading
C) had just unloaded D) were just being unloaded
10) You ought to have put the milk in the refrigerator, now ____sour.
　　A) I smell 　　B) it is smelt 　　C) it smells 　　D) it is smelling
11) After the race____, the celebration began.
　　A) had been won 　　B) is won 　　C) will be won 　　D)has been won
12) To get a better view of the stage, ____.
　　A)our seats had to be changed 　　B) our seats were changed
　　C) we had to change our seats 　　D) our seats were changed by us
13) I think much attention ____your pronunciation.
A) must be paid to 　　 B) ought to be paid to 　
C) must pay to 　　 D) should be paid to
14) We could ask someone to do the work privately without it____.
　　A) know 　　B) be known 　　C) being known 　　D) to be known
15) He does not possess a bicycle, this one he uses ____to Peter.
　　A) is belonged to 　　B) belonged 　　C) belongs 　　D) is belonging