Afteryearsofover-exploiting,manycitiesarelackofwaterforlivingandfreshairforbreathing.这句话中Afteryearsofover-exploiting,是时间状语从句省略吗?具体该怎么理解?

Question

After years of over-exploiting,many cities are lack of water for living and fresh air for breathing.这句话中After years of over-exploiting,是时间状语从句省略吗?具体该怎么理解?

Answer 1

没错,After years of over-exploiting 是时间状语,此时它是连词after + 名词短语（years of over-exploiting,此时的 over-exploiting 是名词）,如果要把它还原成从句可以有很多形式,比如： After many cities were over-exploited for many years, 或者 After many cities met with over-exploiting for many years, 又或者After many cities encountered over-exploiting for many years, 后面两句的over-exploiting 均为名词,三个还原从句的主语都和主句中的主语相同（为many cities）,所以可以省略.