Everyprofessionortradeeveryartandeverysciencehasitstechnicalvocabulary.Differ?entoccupationshoweverdifferwidelyinthecharacteroftheirspecialvocabularies.Intradesandhandicraftsandothervocations(职业)，likefarming

Question

Every profession or trade every art and every science has its technical vocabulary. Differ?ent occupations however differ widely in the character of their special vocabularies. In trades and handicrafts and other vocations (职业) ，like farming and fishery that have occupied great numbers of men from remote times the technical vocabulary is very old. It consists largely of native words or of borrowed words that have worked themselves into the very fiber (质地) of our language. Hence though highly technical in many particulars these vocabularies are more familiar in sound and more generally understood than most other technicalities. The special dialects of law medicine divinity (神学) ，and philosophy have also in their older strata (层面) ，become pretty familiar to cultivated persons and have contributed much to the popular vocabulary. Yet every vocation still possesses a large body of technical terms that remain essen?tially foreign even to educated speech. And the proportion has been much increased in the last fifty years particularly in the various departments of natural and political science and in the me?chanic arts. Here new terms are coined with the greatest freedom and abandoned with indiffer?ence when they have served their turn. Most of the new coinages are confined (受限制在) to spe?cial discussions and seldom get into general literature or conversation. Yet no profession is nowadays as all professions once were a close guild (行会) .

The lawyer the physician the man of science the divine associated freely with his fellowcreatures and does not meet them in a merely professional way. Furthermore what is called " popular science”makes everybody acquainted with modern views and recent discoveries. Any important experiment though made in a remote or provincial laboratory is at once reported in the newspapers and everybody is soon talking about it as in the case of the Roentgen rays (伦琴射线) and wireless telegraphy. Thus our common speech is always taking up new technical terms and making them commonplace (寻常的事物) .

(   ) 5. What does the underlined phrase "educated speech" mean?

   A. 教育演讲'                        B. 教育报告

   C. 有教养的谈吐   D. 有教育意义的发言

(   ) 6. In recent years there has been a marked increase in the number of technical terms in the terminology (专门术语) of          

   A. fishery   B. farming

   C. government   D. sports

(   ) 7. What does the last sentence of the passage imply?

   A. Topics for common speech often involve the latest new technical terms.

   B. People don't take up any new technical terms which are none of their business.

   C. The topics for common speech are always making something new.

   D. New technical terms can enter our common speech by way of making them sim?ple.

(   ) 8. The author's main purpose in the passage is to           

   A. describe a phenomenon   B. propose a solution

   C. be entertaining   D. argue a belief

Answer 1

 CCAA

本文讨论了各行各业的专业词汇。不同的职业，其专业词汇具有自身的特征。随着大众科学的普及，人们对近期的发明创造变得越来越熟悉，并将某些专有名词应用在了自己的曰常交流之中了。

5. C词义猜测题。

6. C细节理解题。文中提到了自然科学、政治学及机械学领域的术语增加最快，答案C符合这种说法。

7. A阅读理解题。可根据全文的理解，推断出最后一句话的真实意义。

8. A综合分析推论题。作者在文中介绍了各种不同行业的专用名词的特点，以及这些术语的发展和使用情况，显然是陈述性质的，而不是为了提供解决问题的方案(B) 因为根本没有提出任何问题；更不是为了娱乐(C) 和争辩(D) 。因此正确答案是A。