请帮忙解决一下这几个句子的小语法.1.Iappreciatedhavingbeengiventheopportunitytostudyabroad问：have为什么用ing形式?2.Marysupposedtohavefinishedtheexperimentatleast2weekago.问：have为什么不用had?3.Heco

Question

请帮忙解决一下这几个句子的小语法.
1.I appreciated having been given the opportunity to study abroad
问：have为什么用ing形式?
2.Mary supposed to have finished the experiment at least 2 week ago.
问：have为什么不用had?
3.He comlained about the complex producers one has to get through when applying for a loan at a bank.
问：applying为什么用ing形式?
4.A lady in the neighborhood tole me that the Browse had moved to a small town near Seattle about two mouth before.
问：原句说had moved to.为什么before不用ago?
5.The woman devoted all her energy to the rearing of her 6 children,to her great satisfaction all children entered college.
问：to 后面的rear 为什么不用原型?

Answer 1

1 appreciate 后接名词或动名词（doing形式）
2 to后只可能出现 doing或do,出现doing是to是介词,但原句to是不定式符号,后面只可能是do
3 因为when从句后面的逻辑主语是one（指人）而且这个动作是one发出的,与逻辑主语是主动关系,所以用applying,实际上是省略了he is
需要注意的是when所引导的从句在这里是做one has to get through 这个定语从句的时间状语的.
4 过去完成时表示“过去的过去”move这个动作发生在tell之前,而tell本身已经是过去了.
一般来说,before用于完成时的句子中,ago则见于一般过去时的句子.
5 devotedAtoB表示“把A捐给B”,其中to 充当介词,介词后应该接名词形式,所以用doing.