两个英语习题求解!3.ThespaceageinOctober1957whenthefirstartificialsatellitewaslaunchedbytheSovietUnion.A.initiatedB.originatedC.embarkedD.commenced这个题选什么?这四个选项有什么区别,如何区分?4.Tommigh

Question

两个英语习题求解!
3.The space age__in October 1957 when the first artificial satellite was launched by the Soviet Union.
A.initiated B.originated C.embarked D.commenced
这个题选什么?这四个选项有什么区别,如何区分?
4.Tom might have come to school in time for the lecture__/
A.if he got up earlier B.unless he had got up earlier
C.but he got up very late D.but he had got up very late
这个题应该选什么?为什么不选D?D错在哪里了?

Answer 1

D.commenced
.initiate是及物动词,用法是：…….initiates sth
originate是起源于的意思,不合适
embark和on或upon搭配才有开始的意思,而且embark on/upon后面需要有宾语.
commence有begin/start的意思,可以做及物动词,也可不及物动词
第二题是虚拟
条件句（既包含条件的句子）中如果见到might/would/could 等一般都是虚拟语气.既然主句是虚拟,条件状语从句中也要虚拟.但这里but引导的不是条件,而是事实,所以就不能虚拟了.所以选C.
汤姆本来可以及时赶上讲座的,但他起床晚了.
这句话等于；.Tom might have come to school in time for the lecture if he hadn't got up late.
（如果他没起晚,汤姆本可以赶上讲座）
意思一样,但后者就需要虚拟,因为后者的用了条件从句,而其这个条件是和事实相反的.