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Therecentcrashlanding(强行着陆)ofRussianspacecraftPhobos-Grunthasfocusedattentionontheincreasingamountofspacejunkorbitingtheplanet.SodoesthismeantheEarthhasbeengettinglighter?TheBBC'sRadio4programmeMoreo
题目详情
The recent crash landing (强行着陆)of Russian spacecraft Phobos-Grunt has focused attention on the increasing amount of space junk orbiting the planet.So does this mean the Earth has been getting lighter?The BBC's Radio 4programme More or Less turned to a group of Cambridge University academics for the answer.
There are factors that are causing Earth to both gain and lose mass(物体的质量) over time,according to Dr Chris Smith,a medical microbiologist and broadcaster who tries to improve the public understanding of science.
By far the biggest contributor to the world's mass is the 40,000tonnes(公吨) of dust that is falling from space to Earth a year,says Dr Smith."The Earth is acting like a giant vacuum cleaner(真空吸尘器)powered by gravity in space,pulling in particles of dust,"
Another much less significant reason the planet is gaining mass is because of global warming.
"NASA has calculated that the Earth is gaining about 160tonnes a year because the temperature of the Earth is going up.If we are adding energy to the system,the mass must go up,"says Dr Smith.
This means that in total between 40,000and 41,000tonnes is being added to the mass of the planet each year.
Population growth and new buildings are not a factor,he says,because both of these are actually made up of existing matter on the planet.
But overall,Dr Smith has calculated that the Earth-including the sea and the atmosphere-is losing mass.He points to a handful of reasons.
For instance,the Earth's core (核心)is like a giant nuclear reactor (反应堆)that is gradually losing energy over time,and that loss in energy translates into a loss of mass.But this is a tiny amount-he estimates no more than 16tonnes a year.
But there are some gases such as hydrogen escaping from the atmosphere.Dr Smith says,"The Earth is losing about three kilograms of hydrogen gas every second.It's about 95,000tonnes every year."
"The other very light gas this is happening to is helium(氦)and there is much less of that,so it's about 1,600tonnes a year of helium that we lose."
72.We can learn from the text that Phobos-Grunt most probably___.
A.faced dangers when travelling in space B.was forced to land by a terrorist
C.bumped into a satellite D.exploded while taking off
73.What can we know about Dr Chris Smith?___
A.He is more interested in broadcasting than science.
B.He is one of the broadcasters of BBC's Radio 4.
C.He never thought the earth would become light.
D.He hopes more people can understand science
74.The underlined word"this"in the last paragraph refers to the fact that___.
A.the weight of the Earth is changing
B.gases escape from the atmosphere
C.dust is falling from space to the Earth
D.the Earth is getting even warmer
75.We can learn from the text___.
A.the Earth lost much less energy in the past
B.humans can sense the weight loss of the Earth
C.the Earth will become heavier in the near future
D.the Earth can suck up the particles of dust in space.
There are factors that are causing Earth to both gain and lose mass(物体的质量) over time,according to Dr Chris Smith,a medical microbiologist and broadcaster who tries to improve the public understanding of science.
By far the biggest contributor to the world's mass is the 40,000tonnes(公吨) of dust that is falling from space to Earth a year,says Dr Smith."The Earth is acting like a giant vacuum cleaner(真空吸尘器)powered by gravity in space,pulling in particles of dust,"
Another much less significant reason the planet is gaining mass is because of global warming.
"NASA has calculated that the Earth is gaining about 160tonnes a year because the temperature of the Earth is going up.If we are adding energy to the system,the mass must go up,"says Dr Smith.
This means that in total between 40,000and 41,000tonnes is being added to the mass of the planet each year.
Population growth and new buildings are not a factor,he says,because both of these are actually made up of existing matter on the planet.
But overall,Dr Smith has calculated that the Earth-including the sea and the atmosphere-is losing mass.He points to a handful of reasons.
For instance,the Earth's core (核心)is like a giant nuclear reactor (反应堆)that is gradually losing energy over time,and that loss in energy translates into a loss of mass.But this is a tiny amount-he estimates no more than 16tonnes a year.
But there are some gases such as hydrogen escaping from the atmosphere.Dr Smith says,"The Earth is losing about three kilograms of hydrogen gas every second.It's about 95,000tonnes every year."
"The other very light gas this is happening to is helium(氦)and there is much less of that,so it's about 1,600tonnes a year of helium that we lose."
72.We can learn from the text that Phobos-Grunt most probably___.
A.faced dangers when travelling in space B.was forced to land by a terrorist
C.bumped into a satellite D.exploded while taking off
73.What can we know about Dr Chris Smith?___
A.He is more interested in broadcasting than science.
B.He is one of the broadcasters of BBC's Radio 4.
C.He never thought the earth would become light.
D.He hopes more people can understand science
74.The underlined word"this"in the last paragraph refers to the fact that___.
A.the weight of the Earth is changing
B.gases escape from the atmosphere
C.dust is falling from space to the Earth
D.the Earth is getting even warmer
75.We can learn from the text___.
A.the Earth lost much less energy in the past
B.humans can sense the weight loss of the Earth
C.the Earth will become heavier in the near future
D.the Earth can suck up the particles of dust in space.
▼优质解答
答案和解析
ADBD
72 A 细节题. 根据文章第一 段 The recent crash landing(强行着陆)of Russian spacecraft Phobos-Grunt has focused attention on the increasing amount of space junk orbiting the planet.可知强行着陆意味着Phobos-Grunt 在太空旅行期间面临着很多危险,故选A.
73 D 细节题. 根据文章第 二段 a medical microbiologist and broadcaster who tries to improve the public understanding of science.可知Dr Chris Smith希望人们更多地了解科学,故选D.
74 B 猜测词义题. 根据文章倒数第二 段there are some gases such as hydrogen escaping from the atmosphere. 可知this指的是一些气体从大气中逃离,如如氢.故选B.
75 D 主旨大意题. 根据文章第三段The Earth is acting like a giant vacuum cleaner(真空吸尘器)powered by gravity in space,pulling in particles of dust,"可知地球就像吸尘器一样可以吸收太空中的尘埃,故选D.
72 A 细节题. 根据文章第一 段 The recent crash landing(强行着陆)of Russian spacecraft Phobos-Grunt has focused attention on the increasing amount of space junk orbiting the planet.可知强行着陆意味着Phobos-Grunt 在太空旅行期间面临着很多危险,故选A.
73 D 细节题. 根据文章第 二段 a medical microbiologist and broadcaster who tries to improve the public understanding of science.可知Dr Chris Smith希望人们更多地了解科学,故选D.
74 B 猜测词义题. 根据文章倒数第二 段there are some gases such as hydrogen escaping from the atmosphere. 可知this指的是一些气体从大气中逃离,如如氢.故选B.
75 D 主旨大意题. 根据文章第三段The Earth is acting like a giant vacuum cleaner(真空吸尘器)powered by gravity in space,pulling in particles of dust,"可知地球就像吸尘器一样可以吸收太空中的尘埃,故选D.
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