Englishidiomexistsinvariousforms,andwecanknowidiomsfromdifferentangles.Englishidiomscanberegardedasverb-phrasee.g.bringup;putupwith;allusion:e.g.flyoffthehandle;raincatsanddogs;irreversiblebinomials:e.g.saltandpeppe

Question

English idiom exists in various forms,and we can know idioms from different angles.English idioms can be regarded as verb-phrase e.g.bring up; put up with; allusion:e.g.fly off the handle; rain cats and dogs; irreversible binomials:e.g.salt and pepper; bag and baggage; composition:blackmail; high-handled; incorporating verbs:Eg.eavesdrop; man handle.; Proverbs,e.g.don’t count your chicken before they are hatched; Courtesy words of stylization,e.g.May ……; Exaggeration of stylization e.g.I wasn’t too crazy about him; he won’t even lift a finger.According to the function in grammar and elements in structure,English idioms are divided into several forms and we can know English idioms from the grammatical angle:a verb idiom,which means the central word,is a verb in an idiom.1) V.+adj / prep e.g.bring up; get at; put forward; 2) V.+n.e.g.face the music; foot the bill; jump the queue; 3) v.+prep / prep phrase e.g.beat about the bush; bark up the wrong tree; 4) V.+n.+prep / prep phrase e.g.poke one’s nose into; have a hand in; 5) v.+adj e.g.come true; fall short; Noun idioms 1) adj.+ n.e.g.cold shoulder ; dead end ; 2) n.+Prep.+ N.e.g.a drop in a ocean; apple of one’s eye; 3) n.+’s+n.e.g.cat’s paw; a chilles’ heel; 4) n.+And+n.e.g.nooks and crannies ; ups and downs ; Adjective idioms.1) Adj.+ and +adj.Eg free and easy; fair and square; 2) Adj (or adv.)+Prep.Phrase.E.g.up in the air; wide of the mark; 3) prep.+n.e.g.on the run; on call; 4) as + adj.+ as +n.e.g.as cool as a cucumber; as meek as a lamb; Adverb idioms 1) n.+ And +n.home and abroad; whole and all; 2) prep.+ N.e.g.in a breeze; with flying colors; by the way;

Answer 1

英语习语形式多样,可从不同角度去看待.
可以是动词短语：例如bring up[抚养,照料]; put up with[忍受];
可以是暗语:例如fly off the handle[勃然大怒]; rain cats and dogs[滂沱大雨];
可以是成对词:如salt and pepper[配料]; bag and baggage[全部财物];
可以是复合词:如blackmail[敲诈]; high-handled[高脚的杯、碗等];
可以是合并动词:如eavesdrop[偷听]; man handle[手工].
可以是谚语：如 don’t count your chicken before they are hatched[勿打如意算盘];
礼貌用语手法：例如May ……[我可以.];
夸张手法：例如I wasn’t too crazy about him[]; he won’t even lift a finger.
根据句子结构中语法和语素的功能,英语习语分为7种形式,我们可从语法角度理解英语习语:
动词习语意味着习语的中心词是动词：
1) 动词+形容词/介词：例如bring up[抚养,照料]; get at[想说]; put forward[提出];
2) 动词+名词：例如face the music[ 临危不惧,勇于承担责任]; foot the bill[付账]; jump the queue[插队,抢先获取某物];
3) 动词+介词 / 介词短语：例如 beat about the bush[拐弯抹角/ 旁敲侧击/ 兜圈子]; bark up the wrong tree[找错了门或错怪了人];
4) 动词+名词+介词/介词短语：例如poke one’s nose into[爱管闲事]; have a hand in[参与做];
5) 动词+形容词：例如come true[实现]; fall short[不足];
名词习语：
1) 形容词+ 名词：例如cold shoulder[不理睬] ; dead end[死胡同] ;
2) 名词+介词+ 名词：例如a drop in a ocean[微不足道,沧海一粟]; apple of one’s eye[宝贵的人或东西,掌上明珠];
3) 名词+'s+名词:例如cat’s paw[党羽,爪牙,被利用的人]; a chilles’ heel[唯一致命弱点];
4) 名词+And+名词：例如nooks and crannies [习气]; ups and downs [上下];
形容词习语：
1) 形容词+ and +形容词.例如free and easy[自由自在；满不在乎]; fair and square[正大光明的];
2) 形容词(或副词)+介词短语.例如up in the air[尚未确定]; wide of the mark[毫不相关];
3) 介词+名词：例如on the run[正在运行]; on call[正在呼叫];
4) as + 介词+ as +名词.例如 as cool as a cucumber[冷静沉着,镇定自若,处变不惊]; as meek as a lamb[象羔羊一样任人宰割];
副词习语：
1) 名词+ And +名词 home and abroad[海内外]; whole and all[全体];
2) 介词+ 名词：例如in a breeze[轻而易举地]; with flying colors[大获全胜]; by the way[顺便说一下];