油脂的分子式怎么写?比如说硬脂酸什么的?软脂酸?遇到酸水解生成什么?问下什么叫通式表示硬脂酸甘油酯碱性水解~书没带回家~

Question

油脂的分子式怎么写?比如说硬脂酸什么的?软脂酸?
遇到酸水解生成什么?
问下什么叫通式表示硬脂酸甘油酯碱性水解~
书没带回家~

Answer 1

首先你要注意 硬脂酸、软脂酸等不是油脂 它们是高级脂肪酸（一种羧酸）羧酸与醇脱水化合才会形成脂.
油脂与硬脂酸甘油酯、软脂酸甘油酯也不同
油脂是油酸与甘油（一种三元醇）脱水化合成的
硬脂酸与甘油脱水化合成 硬脂酸甘油酯（就是我们俗称的脂肪）
软脂酸与甘油脱水化合成 软脂酸甘油酯（H不饱和）
下面是分子式：
C17H35COOCH2
`````````````````｜
C17H35COOCH 硬脂酸甘油酯
`````````````````｜
C17H35COOCH2
C15H33COOCH2
`````````````````｜
C15H33COOCH 软脂酸甘油酯
`````````````````｜
C15H33COOCH2
C17H33COOCH2
`````````````````｜
C17H33COOCH 油酸甘油酯
`````````````````｜
C17H33COOCH2
C17H35COOCH2````````````````````````````````````````````````````````CH2OH
`````````````````｜````````````H2SO4`````````````````````````````````````｜
C17H35COOCH + 3H2O ———→ 3C17H35COOH (硬脂酸) + CHOH (甘油)
`````````````````｜``````````````````````````````````````````````````````````｜
C17H35COOCH2````````````````````````````````````````````````````````CH2OH
遇酸水解以硬脂酸甘油酯为例
（小黑点是为了充字符占空格,与化学式无关）